What is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after maximum inspiration?
Expiratory reserve volume
Inspiratory capacity
Vital capacity
Tidal volume
The Correct Answer is C
A. Expiratory reserve volume: Expiratory reserve volume is the additional air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation, not the maximum after a maximal inhalation.
B. Inspiratory capacity: Inspiratory capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation (tidal volume + inspiratory reserve), not the total that can be expelled after maximum inspiration.
C. Vital capacity: Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after a maximum inspiration (inspiratory reserve + tidal + expiratory reserve) .
D. Tidal volume: Tidal volume is the volume of a normal, resting breath and is far less than the maximum expelled volume.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Loop of Henle: The Loop of Henle is the U-shaped segment of the nephron that extends into the medulla and concentrates urine.
B. Proximal Convoluted Tubule: The PCT is the first convoluted segment after Bowman's capsule and is responsible for bulk reabsorption of solutes and water.
C. Bowman's Capsule: Bowman's capsule is the double-walled cup that surrounds the glomerular capillary tuft and collects filtrate.
D. Glomerulus: The glomerulus is the capillary tuft inside Bowman's capsule that performs plasma filtration.
E. Collecting Duct: The collecting duct collects filtrate from multiple nephrons and participates in final water/solute adjustments.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Vital capacity: Vital capacity is a lung-volume measurement (maximum inhale → maximum exhale), not the mechanical action of rib elevation.
B. Expiration: Expiration (quiet) is produced by relaxation and elastic recoil; active rib elevation is not part of expiration.
C. Inspiration: Contraction of the external intercostals (and diaphragm) raises the ribs and expands the thoracic cage, producing inspiration.
D. Ventilation: Ventilation is the overall process of air movement in and out of the lungs; rib elevation specifically describes inspiration rather than the whole process.
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