Memory in the context of the immune system refers to:
The ability of immune cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens.
The ability of immune cells to differentiate between self and non-self antigens.
The process of phagocytosis by macrophages.
The ability of B cells to produce antibodies.
The Correct Answer is A
Explanation: Memory in the immune system refers to the ability of immune cells, particularly memory B cells and memory T cells, to recognize and respond more quickly and effectively to specific antigens upon subsequent exposure. This leads to a faster and stronger secondary immune response.
Incorrect choices:
b. The ability of immune cells to differentiate between self and non-self antigens refers to the concept of immune tolerance, which helps prevent the immune system from attacking the body's own cells and tissues.
c. The process of phagocytosis by macrophages is a mechanism by which immune cells engulf and destroy pathogens and cellular debris, but it is not directly related to memory in the immune system.
d. The ability of B cells to produce antibodies is an essential part of the primary immune response, but it is not specific to memory in the immune system.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Explanation: Active immunity is acquired when the body's immune system is exposed to a pathogen through vaccination or natural infection and produces an immune response to provide protection against future infections.
Incorrect choices:
b. Passive immunity is acquired when preformed antibodies are transferred to an individual, providing immediate but temporary protection against a specific pathogen.
c. Natural immunity refers to immunity that is acquired through natural exposure to a pathogen, either through infection or vaccination.
d. Herd immunity is the indirect protection that occurs when a large percentage of a population becomes immune to a disease, either through vaccination or previous infection, reducing the likelihood of transmission to susceptible individuals.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Booster doses of vaccines are recommended to reinforce and extend the duration of immunity provided by the initial vaccination. They help the immune system to maintain a higher level of protection against the disease over time.
Incorrect choices:
a. The number of antibodies in the blood is not increased by booster doses; rather, the immune system's memory is reinforced.
b. Booster doses do not decrease the risk of adverse reactions; they are given to maintain immunity.
d. Booster doses do not reduce the number of required vaccine doses; they are additional doses given to maintain immunity over time.
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