Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are used to treat which of the following?

Persistent depressive disorder.

Treatment-resistant depression.

Moderate depression.

Mild depression.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Persistent depressive disorder responds better to SSRIs or psychotherapy, as MAOIs’ risk of hypertensive crises due to monoamine buildup limits their use. MAOIs increase serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, but are reserved for severe cases due to complex neural interactions.

Choice B reason: MAOIs like phenelzine are used for treatment-resistant depression, where SSRIs fail, by increasing serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine via enzyme inhibition. This broad monoamine enhancement alters prefrontal-amygdala circuits, addressing severe depressive symptoms unresponsive to other treatments, making it the primary indication.

Choice C reason: Moderate depression is typically treated with SSRIs or SNRIs, which have safer profiles. MAOIs’ risk of serotonin and norepinephrine overload, causing hypertensive crises, makes them unsuitable for moderate cases, where less aggressive neural modulation is effective.

Choice D reason: Mild depression is managed with psychotherapy or SSRIs, not MAOIs, which risk serious side effects like tyramine-induced hypertensive crises due to excessive monoamine levels. MAOIs are reserved for severe, resistant cases, not mild neural dysregulation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Lamotrigine does not require monthly blood tests, as it has minimal hematologic or hepatic toxicity. It stabilizes mood via sodium channel inhibition, with skin rash (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome) being the primary concern, not routine blood monitoring.

Choice B reason: Lamotrigine rarely affects liver function, unlike valproic acid. Its primary risk is cutaneous reactions due to immune-mediated hypersensitivity, not hepatotoxicity. Monitoring focuses on skin, not liver enzymes, as it modulates neuronal excitability without significant hepatic metabolism.

Choice C reason: Lamotrigine carries a risk of serious skin rashes, like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, due to immune-mediated hypersensitivity affecting epidermal cells. Notifying the provider about rashes is critical, as this reflects understanding of the drug’s most significant adverse effect, ensuring timely intervention.

Choice D reason: Salt intake is relevant for lithium, not lamotrigine, which stabilizes mood via sodium channel inhibition without affecting renal sodium handling. Dietary salt monitoring is unnecessary, as lamotrigine’s primary risk is dermatologic, not electrolyte-related, making this statement incorrect.

A. You need to learn how to be less assertive in your communications. B. Anger is positive when you learn to suppress it. C. Anger is a normal feeling, and you can use it to resolve conflicts. D. You can reduce your anger by punching the wall.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Less assertiveness does not address anger’s neurobiology. Anger involves amygdala-driven norepinephrine and glutamate surges, and reducing assertiveness may suppress healthy expression, not resolve underlying neural hyperactivity, making this statement inaccurate for anger management.

Choice B reason: Suppressing anger is not positive, as it increases amygdala-driven stress and cortisol, potentially worsening emotional dysregulation. Healthy anger expression engages prefrontal cortex modulation, and suppression can exacerbate neural imbalances, making this statement false.

Choice C reason: Anger is a normal emotion, driven by amygdala activation and norepinephrine release. When channeled constructively, it engages prefrontal cortex regulation, facilitating conflict resolution by addressing underlying issues, making this a true and therapeutic statement about anger’s role.

Choice D reason: Punching a wall is destructive, escalating amygdala-driven aggression and norepinephrine surges without resolving conflict. It risks reinforcing maladaptive neural pathways, increasing impulsivity, and does not engage prefrontal cortex for healthy anger management, making this false.

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Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are used to treat which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with bipolar disorder, having experienced a depressive episode, is prescribed lamotrigine (Lamictal). After educating the client on this medication, the nurse determines that the education was successful when the client makes which statement?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is working with a client who has frequent angry outbursts when he becomes frustrated. Which statement by the nurse is a true statement about anger?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

After being told that his family will not be attending visitation, a 70-year-old patient turns over a table in a crowded common area. Which action takes priority?

A troubled adolescent pulled out a gun in a school cafeteria, fatally shot three people, and injured many others. Hundreds of parents come to the school after hearing news reports. After police arrest the shooter, which action should occur next?

Which finding indicates the successful completion of an individual’s grieving process?

A client tells the nurse that he has bugs in his brain and asks the nurse if the nurse can see them. Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?

A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 320 mg PO every four hours as needed for pain. The amount available from the pharmacy is acetaminophen liquid 160 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest whole number.)

A nurse is assessing a client who is grieving. The nurse suspects that the client is experiencing complicated bereavement based on which statement by the client?

A nurse is conducting a visit to a client who is receiving palliative care at home for dying. The client’s husband tells the nurse, "I know she needs to be with God. That is the best place for her now." The client is experiencing which stage of Kubler-Ross’ stages of grieving?

When assessing a patient's plan for suicide, what aspect has priority?