Mrs. Jamerson, who had undergone surgery in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), is difficult to arouse two hours following surgery. Nurse Williams in the PACU has been administering Morphine Sulfate intravenously to the client for complaints of post-surgical pain. The client's respiratory rate is 7 per minute and demonstrates shallow breathing. The patient does not respond to any stimuli. The nurse assesses the ABCs (remember Airway, Breathing, Circulation!) and obtains ABGS STAT! Arterial blood gas measurement shows pH 7.10. PaCO2 70 mm Hg, and HCO3 24 mEq/L

What does this mean?

Metabolic Acidosis, Uncompensated

Respiratory Alkalosis. Partially Compensated

Respiratory Acidosis. Uncompensated

Metabolic Alkalosis. Partially Compensated

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Metabolic Acidosis, Uncompensated, is ruled out because the elevated PaCO2 and low pH indicate a respiratory problem rather than a metabolic one.
B.   Respiratory Alkalosis. Partially Compensated is ruled out because the pH and PaCO2 levels are both abnormal and indicate acidosis rather than alkalosis.
C.   The low pH (acidosis) along with the high PaCO2 indicate respiratory acidosis, and there is no evidence of compensation by the kidneys (normal HCO3).
D.   Metabolic Alkalosis. Partially Compensated, is ruled out because the pH is low (acidosis) rather than high (alkalosis), and the PaCO2 is elevated, suggesting a respiratory problem rather than a metabolic one.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hyperglycemia is associated with diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), not hyperglycemia.
B. Dehydration is a hallmark finding in diabetes insipidus due to excessive urination and fluid loss. Clients with diabetes insipidus may exhibit signs of dehydration, such as dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, and hypotension.
C. Bradycardia is not typically associated with diabetes insipidus.
D. Polyphagia, or excessive hunger, is a symptom of diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.

A. Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hr. B. BUN and creatinine levels decrease. C. Renal function is reestablished. D. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Oliguria, characterized by urine output less than 400 mL per 24 hours, is a hallmark of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
B. BUN and creatinine levels typically increase during the oliguric phase due to decreased kidney function.
C. Renal function is not reestablished during the oliguric phase; this phase represents reduced kidney function.
D. The glomerular filtration rate remains decreased during the oliguric phase.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. The client reports a tingling sensation in the hands, the soles of the feet, and around the lips. For which of the following findings should the nurse assess the client?

A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?

A nurse is assessing a client who had a craniotomy and has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate?

A nurse is caring for a client who has impaired renal function. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

A nurse is caring for a client who has respiratory alkalosis and is hyperventilating Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. The nurse should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of which of the following substances?