A nurse is observing the electronic fetal heart rate monitor tracing for a client who is at 40 weeks of gestation and is in labor. The nurse should suspect a problem with the umbilical cord when she observes which of the following patterns?

Accelerations

Early decelerations

Late decelerations

Variable decelerations

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is D. Variable decelerations.

A. Accelerations in the fetal heart rate are generally considered reassuring. Accelerations are an indication of fetal well-being and are often seen in response to fetal movement.

B. Early decelerations are typically associated with head compression during contractions and are considered a normal response to the pressure on the fetal head.

C. Late decelerations are indicative of uteroplacental insufficiency.

Late decelerations occur after the peak of the contraction and are associated with inadequate oxygenation to the fetus. This pattern raises concerns about the baby's well-being.

D. Variable decelerations are associated with umbilical cord compression.

Variable decelerations are abrupt decreases in the fetal heart rate that vary in duration, depth, and timing. They often coincide with contractions and suggest compression or occlusion of the umbilical cord.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a.Panting helps to control the urge to push and can slow down the delivery, which is important to prevent rapid delivery that could cause injury to both the mother and the baby. It allows the nurse or healthcare provider to better manage the delivery process.

b.Slow-paced breathing is often used during early labor to help manage pain and anxiety. However, when the baby’s head is crowning, panting is more effective in controlling the urge to push and slowing down the delivery process.

c.While deep cleansing breaths can be helpful during contractions to manage pain and focus, they are not as effective as panting in controlling the urge to push during the crowning phase.

d.While it might seem natural to encourage pushing when the baby’s head is crowning, it’s important to control the delivery to prevent rapid birth, which can cause injury to both the mother and the baby. Encouraging the mother to pant helps slow down the process, allowing for a more controlled and safer delivery.

A. Contractions that last 45 seconds each with a 3 min rest between contractions B. Contractions that last for 60 seconds each with a 3-min rest between contractions C. Contractions that last for 60 seconds each with a 4-min rest between contractions D. A contraction that lasts 4 min followed by a period of relaxation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Contractions that last 45 seconds each with a 3-minute rest between contractions are less common. Typically, contractions last around 60 seconds during active labor.

B. Contractions that last for 60 seconds each with a 3-min rest between contractions is the expected pattern.

During active labor, contractions are commonly around 60 seconds in duration, and they occur approximately every 4-5 minutes.

C. Contractions that last for 60 seconds each with a 4-min rest between contractions are not consistent with the usual pattern of contractions in active labor. A 4-minute rest between contractions would be an extended interval.

D. A contraction that lasts for 4 minutes followed by a period of relaxation is not typical and may indicate a problem. Normal contractions usually last around 60 seconds or less.

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A nurse is observing the electronic fetal heart rate monitor tracing for a client who is at 40 weeks of gestation and is in labor. The nurse should suspect a problem with the umbilical cord when she observes which of the following patterns?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in the emergency department is admitting a client who is at 40 weeks of gestation, has ruptured membranes, and the nurse observes the newborn's head is crowning. The client tells the nurse she wants to push. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to the client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse receives report about a client who is in labor and is having contractions 4 min apart. Which of the following patterns should the nurse expect on the fetal monitoring tracing?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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