A patient is prescribed oral acyclovir for type 1 herpes simplex virus. What is the expected outcome if the patient is compliant with the medication regimen?

Prevents complications, such as meningitis or pneumonitis

Decreases the probability of recurrent outbreaks

Shortens the outbreak and lessens the severity of symptoms

Eliminates the likelihood of spreading the infection to others

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Prevents complications, such as meningitis or pneumonitis

While oral acyclovir can be effective in managing HSV infections and reducing the severity of symptoms, it is not primarily used to prevent complications such as meningitis or pneumonitis. These complications may occur in severe cases of HSV infections, but oral acyclovir's main goal is to manage outbreaks and reduce symptoms.

B. Decreases the probability of recurrent outbreaks

Oral acyclovir can help reduce the frequency of recurrent outbreaks in individuals with HSV infections. However, it does not completely eliminate the probability of recurrent outbreaks. Some individuals may still experience occasional outbreaks even with regular use of oral acyclovir. The medication is more focused on managing outbreaks when they occur rather than preventing them entirely.

C. Shortens the outbreak and lessens the severity of symptoms

This option is the correct choice. Oral acyclovir is effective in shortening the duration of HSV outbreaks and reducing the severity of symptoms such as pain, itching, and lesions. It works by inhibiting the replication of the virus, which helps in faster healing and symptom relief. However, it does not cure the infection or eliminate the virus from the body.

D. Eliminates the likelihood of spreading the infection to others

While oral acyclovir can help manage outbreaks and reduce viral shedding, it does not completely eliminate the risk of spreading the infection to others. It can reduce the likelihood of transmission during active outbreaks, but individuals with HSV can still shed the virus and be contagious even when they are not experiencing visible symptoms. Therefore, other precautions such as practicing safe sex and avoiding close contact during outbreaks are also important for preventing transmission.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A.Prone positioning and postural drainage are typically not appropriate interventions for a client 1 day postoperative following an open thoracotomy, as this could place stress on the incision site and cause discomfort or injury.

B.High-Fowler's position facilitates lung expansion, which can improve ventilation and oxygenation. Encouraging the use of an incentive spirometer and promoting coughing helps clear secretions and expand the lungs, addressing the mild respiratory acidosis indicated by the ABG results (pH 7.31 and PaCO2 50 mm Hg).

C.Increasing oxygen to 70% is not appropriate, as the PaO2 level is within normal limits (93 mm Hg). The client's issue appears to be related more to ventilation (indicated by the elevated PaCO2) rather than oxygenation, so additional oxygen would not address the underlying cause and could lead to oxygen toxicity if used long-term.

D.A nonrebreather mask delivers a high concentration of oxygen, which is not necessary in this case since the client’s PaO2 is already adequate. The primary issue is not a lack of oxygen but rather the retention of CO2, so promoting ventilation and lung expansion through positioning and respiratory exercises is more appropriate.

A. Healthy middle-aged adult who never had chickenpox B. Older adult who lakes large doses of prednisone for a chronic condition C. Middle-aged adult who just started taking chemotherapy D. Nurse who recently received the first dose of varicella vaccine E. Young adult who is positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV):

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Healthy middle-aged adult who never had chickenpox:

This individual has not had chickenpox, which means they are susceptible to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection. If they contract herpes zoster (shingles), they are at risk for complications, although typically healthy adults are less likely to experience severe complications compared to immunocompromised individuals or older adults.

B. Older adult who takes large doses of prednisone for a chronic condition:

Chronic corticosteroid use, such as prednisone, can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of herpes zoster infection. Additionally, if herpes zoster develops in an older adult, they are at higher risk for complications such as postherpetic neuralgia (persistent nerve pain), bacterial superinfection of the rash, and dissemination of the virus.

C. Middle-aged adult who just started taking chemotherapy:

Chemotherapy suppresses the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections. If a person undergoing chemotherapy develops herpes zoster, they are at increased risk for serious complications due to their weakened immune response.

D. Nurse who recently received the first dose of varicella vaccine:

The varicella vaccine is designed to prevent chickenpox and reduce the risk of herpes zoster (shingles) in vaccinated individuals. Therefore, a nurse who received the varicella vaccine is less likely to experience serious complications from herpes zoster infection compared to those who are unvaccinated.

E. Young adult who is positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV):

Individuals with HIV have a weakened immune system, increasing their susceptibility to infections, including herpes zoster. Moreover, herpes zoster in HIV-positive individuals can be more severe, prolonged, and may lead to complications such as disseminated herpes zoster, involving multiple organs and potentially becoming life-threatening.

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A patient is prescribed oral acyclovir for type 1 herpes simplex virus. What is the expected outcome if the patient is compliant with the medication regimen?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which people have the greatest risk for serious complications secondary to herpes zoster infection? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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