nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy to treat lung cancer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Examine the skin for generalized urticaria.
Observe for signs of infection.
Review laboratory test results for low hemoglobin.
Monitor the mouth for signs of xerostomia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Urticaria (hives) is not a common side effect of radiation therapy. The skin should be examined for localized radiation-induced skin changes, such as erythema or dryness, rather than generalized urticaria.
B. Radiation therapy can weaken the immune system, increasing the risk of infection. The nurse should monitor for signs of infection, especially in areas affected by radiation, as the skin and mucous membranes can become more vulnerable.
C. Low hemoglobin is not a direct or immediate concern related to radiation therapy for lung cancer. However, it could occur if the patient experiences bone marrow suppression, but this is not typically the primary concern for radiation therapy to the lung.
D. Xerostomia (dry mouth) is more commonly associated with radiation therapy to the head and neck area. Radiation to the lungs generally does not affect salivary glands, so monitoring for xerostomia is not necessary in this case.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Malignant melanoma often appears as an irregularly shaped lesion with variegated colors (brown, black, red, white, or blue) and uneven borders. It is usually larger and more aggressive than the lesion described.
B. Actinic keratosis typically presents as rough, scaly patches on sun-exposed areas and is considered a precancerous lesion rather than a form of skin cancer itself.
C. Squamous cell carcinoma usually appears as a firm, red nodule or a scaly, crusted lesion that may ulcerate. It is more likely to be aggressive than basal cell carcinoma.
D. Basal cell carcinoma commonly presents as a small, raised, flesh-colored or pink lesion with pearly or translucent borders, which fits the description provided. It is the most common and least aggressive type of skin cancer.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While it is helpful for individuals to track and monitor skin lesions, keeping a detailed body map may not be a common or necessary recommendation for everyone. Self-monitoring is important, but the focus should be on regular skin checks rather than detailed mapping.
B. The recommended frequency for self-skin exams is monthly, not every 2 months. Regular monthly self-exams are essential for early detection of skin cancer.
C. Tanning beds expose the skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which increases the risk of developing skin cancer, especially melanoma. Limiting or avoiding tanning bed use is a key prevention strategy for skin cancer.
D. The sun's UV rays can be strong throughout the day, not just before or after 3pm. The most important guideline for sun safety is to avoid excessive sun exposure, particularly between 10am and 4pm, when UV rays are strongest. Simply avoiding the sun after 3pm is not a sufficient recommendation.
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