Parents bring their 8-month-old child to the clinic because they are concerned that the child is not developing as an older sibling did. Which developmental characteristic should the nurse expect an 8-month-old to exhibit?

Takes a first step alone.

Sits alone unsupported.

Can feed self finger food.

Pulls self to sitting position.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Takes a first step alone: This is typically achieved closer to 12 months.

B. Sits alone unsupported: Some 8-month-olds might achieve this, but pulling to sit is a more consistent milestone at this age.

C. Can feed self finger food: While some babies might explore finger foods at 8 months, independent feeding is usually a skill developed later.

D. Pulls self to sitting position: This demonstrates developing upper body strength and coordination, commonly seen around 8-9 months.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Detailed questions about a symptom: This technique is beneficial for gathering specific information about a symptom. However, asking detailed questions right from the start may not allow the client to provide a broad overview of their symptoms and could limit the information shared.

B. Open-ended questioning: Open-ended questions encourage the client to describe their symptoms in their own words, providing a comprehensive and detailed account. This approach is particularly useful in understanding the quality, color, and consistency of the sputum, which are important details in the assessment of pneumonia. This technique allows for a thorough and unbiased description of the sputum, which is crucial for a complete health assessment in the context of bilateral pneumonia.

C. Leading questions: Leading questions suggest a particular answer and can bias the client's response. For example, asking "Is your sputum thick and green?" may lead the client to agree even if their sputum is different, thus providing inaccurate information.

D. Closed-ended questions: Closed-ended questions elicit short, often one-word answers, such as "yes" or "no." While these can be useful for clarifying specific details, they do not provide the comprehensive description needed to assess the sputum thoroughly in the context of pneumonia.

A. Trapped subcutaneous air causing crepitus will be absorbed, so the finding is not significant. B. Since this client has only a small area of crepitus, it probably is not a significant finding. C. Crepitus is always abnormal and should be followed-up with a more detailed assessment. D. Since a fractured rib often creates crepitus, a chest x-ray should be scheduled immediately.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Trapped subcutaneous air causing crepitus will be absorbed, so the finding is not significant. While trapped air can be absorbed, crepitus can indicate underlying issues such as a pneumothorax or other trauma, so it should not be dismissed as insignificant.

B. Since this client has only a small area of crepitus, it probably is not a significant finding. The size of the area does not necessarily correlate with the severity of the underlying condition. Even a small area of crepitus should be investigated.

C. Crepitus is always abnormal and should be followed-up with a more detailed assessment. This is the most accurate interpretation. Crepitus indicates the presence of air in the subcutaneous tissues, which is always abnormal and warrants further investigation.

D. Since a fractured rib often creates crepitus, a chest x-ray should be scheduled immediately. While a chest x-ray can be part of the assessment, stating that a fractured rib "often" creates crepitus might be misleading. Crepitus can arise from other conditions, and a thorough assessment is needed before determining the exact cause.

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Parents bring their 8-month-old child to the clinic because they are concerned that the child is not developing as an older sibling did. Which developmental characteristic should the nurse expect an 8-month-old to exhibit?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

While completing a health assessment for a client being admitted with bilateral pneumonia, the nurse asks the client to describe the sputum. Which communication technique should the nurse use to obtain this information?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

During a routine physical examination of a client, chest palpation is determined to be normal except for a 2 inch (5.1 cm) diameter area of crepitus over the upper right anterior chest. Which interpretation is the most accurate for this finding?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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