Parents have been told their child has fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Which statement by a parent indicates that additional teaching is required?
Select one:

"Our baby's newborn rash is from this syndrome."

"His face looks like it does due to this problem."

"He can show signs of withdrawal from alcohol exposure like jiteriness, sweating, hyper reﬂexes, poor feeding and not sleeping well."

"He is at risk of having intellectual disabilities, so we will need to get extra services to support him."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason: "Our baby's newborn rash is from this syndrome." This is because this statement by a parent indicates that additional teaching is required, as it shows a misunderstanding or confusion about FAS and its manifestations. FAS is a condition that occurs when a woman consumes alcohol during pregnancy, which can aﬀect the development and function of various organs and systems in the fetus and child. FAS can cause physical, behavioral, and cognitive problems such as facial abnormalities, growth retardation, learning difficulties, and atention deficits. FAS does not cause newborn rash, which is a common and benign condition that aﬀects many newborns regardless of maternal alcohol intake. Newborn rash is also known as erythema toxicum neonatorum or baby acne, which is characterized by small red bumps or pustules on the face, chest, or back that usually disappear within a few weeks.

Choice B Reason: "His face looks like it does due to this problem." This is a correct answer that indicates adequate understanding of FAS and its features. Facial abnormalities are one of the characteristic signs of FAS, which include small eye openings, thin upper lip, ﬂat nasal bridge, and smooth philtrum (the groove between the nose and upper lip).

Choice C Reason: "He can show signs of withdrawal from alcohol exposure like jiteriness, sweating, hyper reﬂexes, poor feeding and not sleeping well." This is a correct answer that indicates adequate understanding of FAS and its complications. Signs of withdrawal are possible eﬀects of FAS, which occur when the fetus or newborn is exposed to alcohol in utero or through breast milk, which can cause neurotoxicity and dependency. Signs of withdrawal can include jiteriness, sweating, hyper reﬂexes, poor feeding, and not sleeping well, as well as irritability, seizures, or tremors.

Choice D Reason: "He is at risk of having intellectual disabilities, so we will need to get extra services to support him." This is a correct answer that indicates adequate understanding of FAS and its implications. Intellectual disabilities are potential outcomes of FAS, which aﬀect the cognitive development and function of the child. Intellectual disabilities can cause problems with memory, Reasoning, language, and social skills. Extra services and support may be needed to help the child achieve their optimal potential and quality of life.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Milia. This is an incorrect answer that describes a diﬀerent skin condition. Milia are tiny white or yellow cysts that appear on the nose, chin, or cheeks of newborns. They are caused by the retention of keratin in the sebaceous glands or hair follicles. They usually disappear within a few weeks without treatment.

Choice B Reason: Dermal melanosis. This is a correct answer that explains the finding of bluish markings across the newborn's lower back. Dermal melanosis. This is because dermal melanosis, also known as Mongolian spots, is a common benign skin condition that aﬀects newborns of Asian, African, or Hispanic descent. It is characterized by bluish-gray or brown patches of pigmentation on the lower back, butocks, or extremities. It is caused by the migration of melanocytes from the neural crest to the dermis during embryonic development. It usually fades by 2 to 4 years of age.

Choice C Reason: Stork bites. This is an incorrect answer that refers to another skin condition. Stork bites, also known as salmon patches or nevus simplex, are ﬂat pink or red marks that appear on the forehead, eyelids, nose, upper lip, or nape of the neck of newborns. They are caused by dilated capillaries in the superficial dermis. They usually fade by 18 months of age.

Choice D Reason: Birth trauma. This is an incorrect answer that implies an injury or damage to the newborn's skin or tissues during labor and delivery. Birth trauma can cause bruises, abrasions, lacerations, fractures, or nerve injuries. It is not related to bluish markings on the lower back.

A. Manifestations of uteroplacental insufficiency. B. Manifestations of prolapsed cord. C. Manifestations of anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy. D. Manifestations of an acute asthmatic episode.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Manifestations of uteroplacental insufficiency. This is an incorrect answer that describes a diﬀerent condition that aﬀects the fetus, not the mother. Uteroplacental insufficiency is a condition where the placenta fails to deliver adequate oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, which can result in fetal growth restriction, distress, or demise. Uteroplacental insufficiency does not cause shortness of breath, hypoxia, or cyanosis in the mother.

Choice B Reason: Manifestations of prolapsed cord. This is an incorrect answer that refers to another condition that aﬀects the fetus, not the mother. Prolapsed cord is a condition where the umbilical cord slips through the cervix before the baby and becomes compressed by the fetal head, which can reduce oxygen ﬂow to the fetus. Prolapsed cord does not cause shortness of breath, hypoxia, or cyanosis in the mother.

Choice C Reason: Manifestations of anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy. This is because anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy, also known as amniotic ﬂuid embolism, is a rare and fatal condition where amniotic ﬂuid enters into the maternal bloodstream and causes an allergic reaction, which can lead to respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, coagulopathy, and coma. Anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy can occur during or after labor and delivery, especially in cases of NSVD, multiparity, advanced maternal age, or placental abruption.

Choice D Reason: Manifestations of an acute asthmatic episode. This is an incorrect answer that assumes that the mother has a history of asthma or an allergic trigger. Asthma is a chronic inﬂammatory disorder of the airways that causes wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and dyspnea. Asthma can be exacerbated by pregnancy or labor, but it is not a common cause of sudden onset respiratory distress in the postpartum period.

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Parents have been told their child has fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Which statement by a parent indicates that additional teaching is required? Select one:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a physical assessment of a newborn, the nurse observes bluish markings across the newborn's lower back. The nurse interprets this finding as: Select one:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Parents have been told their child has fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Which statement by a parent indicates that additional teaching is required?
Select one: