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Patient Data

Click to specify which aspects of the 0930 focused assessment indicate adverse reactions to albuterol.

0930: Albuterol given as prescribed via nebulizer. Following the treatment, decreased wheezes noted. The client's hands are trembling and is reporting a headache. Heart rate 129 beats/minute, respirations 20 breaths/minute, blood pressure 125/72 mm Hg, oxygen saturation 99% on room air.

The client's hands are trembling

is reporting a headache

Heart rate 129 beats/minute

respirations 20 breaths/minute

blood pressure 125/72 mm Hg

oxygen saturation 99% on room air

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Trembling: Trembling is a known side effect of albuterol due to its beta-2 adrenergic stimulation. Albuterol can cause fine muscle tremors, particularly in the hands, as part of its systemic sympathomimetic effects following inhalation.
Headache: Headache can result from vasodilation and mild CNS stimulation caused by beta-agonists like albuterol. It is a frequently reported side effect and can occur even with appropriate dosing, particularly in sensitive individuals.
Heart rate 129 beats/minute: Tachycardia is a common adverse effect of albuterol because it stimulates beta-1 receptors at higher doses, leading to an increased heart rate. A heart rate of 129 beats/minute post-treatment indicates a significant sympathetic response.
Respirations 20 breaths/minute: A decrease in respiratory rate from 36 to 20 breaths/minute reflects clinical improvement in respiratory distress. It is a positive response to albuterol therapy, not an adverse reaction.
Oxygen saturation 99% on room air: Improvement of oxygen saturation from 83% to 99% is a therapeutic goal with bronchodilator use. This indicates better gas exchange after albuterol treatment and is not an adverse reaction.

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Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"D","dropdown-group-3":"A"}

Explanation

Increasing heart rate: Increasing heart rate is not the mechanism of thiazide diuretics or ACE inhibitors. It would raise blood pressure by increasing cardiac workload. Effective antihypertensives aim to lower or stabilize heart rate, not increase it.
Reducing stroke volume: Thiazide diuretics reduce stroke volume by lowering blood volume through sodium and water excretion. This decreases cardiac output and helps lower blood pressure, particularly in volume-sensitive hypertension.
Suppressing the appetite: Suppressing appetite is unrelated to the action of thiazide diuretics or ACE inhibitors. These drugs target fluid balance and vascular tone, not the central nervous system mechanisms that regulate hunger.
Decreasing serum sodium levels: Both thiazide diuretics and ACE inhibitors contribute to decreased serum sodium levels, which helps lower blood volume. This reduction supports blood pressure control but must be monitored to avoid hyponatremia.
Reducing systemic vascular resistance: ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure by reducing systemic vascular resistance through vasodilation. Blocking angiotensin II prevents arterial constriction, easing the workload on the heart and lowering afterload.

A. Document the assessment findings in the electronic health record. B. Explain that the medication takes several weeks to reverse symptoms. C. Advise the client to schedule an appointment for liver function tests. D. Withhold the medication until the healthcare provider is notified.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Document the assessment findings in the electronic health record: Riluzole is not curative for ALS; it only modestly slows disease progression. Continuing muscle weakness and atrophy are expected findings in ALS, even after starting treatment. Accurate documentation is appropriate because no immediate change in therapy is indicated based solely on these observations.

B. Explain that the medication takes several weeks to reverse symptoms: Riluzole does not reverse ALS symptoms. It may slightly prolong survival by slowing the progression of muscle weakness, but it does not regenerate lost function or reverse disease-related damage.

C. Advise the client to schedule an appointment for liver function tests: Riluzole can affect liver function and periodic monitoring is important, but muscle weakness alone does not directly signal liver problems. Unless there are signs of hepatotoxicity, there is no immediate need for unscheduled testing.

D. Withhold the medication until the healthcare provider is notified: There is no indication to withhold riluzole based on ongoing muscle weakness, as this is consistent with the natural course of ALS. Interrupting therapy without a clear medical reason could harm the client.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patient Data Select from Word Choices to complete the sentence. The thiazide diuretic works to decrease the client's blood pressure by ______, and the angiotensin converting enyzme (ACE) inhibitor works to decrease the client's blood pressure by ________ and _______

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"D","dropdown-group-3":"A"}

Explanation

A client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been taking riluzole for two weeks. The nurse notes that the client remains weak with observable muscle atrophy. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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