Patient Data

Exhibits

For each medication used to treat gout, choose the most likely therapeutic outcome and the teaching associated with the medication.

A. Beer consumption, particularly in excess, has been associated with an increased risk of gout due to its high purine content, which can lead to elevated uric acid levels in the body. Uric acid is a key factor in the development of gout, as it can crystallize and deposit in the joints, causing inflammation and pain.
B. Hypertension is a risk factor for gout, as it is often associated with other metabolic abnormalities, such as insulin resistance and obesity, which can contribute to elevated uric acid levels. Additionally, certain antihypertensive medications, such as diuretics, can increase the risk of gout by raising uric acid levels in the blood.
F. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels. Insulin resistance is associated with increased uric acid production and reduced renal excretion of uric acid, both of which can contribute to the development of gout.
G. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in the joints. Studies have shown that individuals with osteoarthritis are at an increased risk of developing gout, possibly due to shared risk factors such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, as well as joint damage and inflammation.
H. Obesity is a significant risk factor for gout, as excess body weight is associated with increased uric acid production and decreased renal excretion of uric acid. Adipose tissue (fat cells) can also produce substances that promote inflammation and contribute to insulin resistance, further increasing the risk of gout in obese individuals.
Incorrect;
C. While sleep apnea has been associated with various metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, its direct association with gout risk is less clear. However, sleep apnea may indirectly contribute to gout risk through its association with obesity and metabolic syndrome.
D. While NSAIDs like ibuprofen can be used to manage acute gout attacks, their use alone is not considered a risk factor for developing gout.
E. Daily aspirin use is not typically associated with an increased risk of gout. In fact, low-dose aspirin is often recommended for individuals at risk of cardiovascular events, including those with gout, to reduce the risk of blood clots and heart attacks.
I. Smoking is not directly associated with an increased risk of gout. However, smoking is a known risk factor for various cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, as well as certain cancers.

C A random plasma glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) is indicative of hyperglycemia and suggests possible diabetes mellitus. This finding is significant and should be reported promptly to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management.
D Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) is a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. A level of 7% indicates poorly controlled diabetes, as the target for most individuals with diabetes is less than 7%. This finding suggests inadequate glycemic control and requires attention from the healthcare provider for adjustment of treatment regimen.
A While total cholesterol levels are important for assessing cardiovascular risk, a value of 180 mg/dL is within the desirable range (less than 200 mg/dL) and is not directly related to the symptoms reported by the client.
B Hematocrit levels within the reference range do not directly relate to the symptoms reported by the client and are not indicative of the underlying cause of frequent urination, hunger, and great thirst.

E While serum potassium levels are important for assessing electrolyte balance, a value of 4.2 mEq/L is within the normal reference range (3.5 to 5 mEq/L) and is not directly related to the symptoms reported by the client.