Patient Data

Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement by selecting from the lists of options provided.

Albuterol is a
_
that decreases
_

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

Albuterol is classified as a beta-2 adrenergic agonist that specifically targets bronchial smooth muscle. It causes relaxation and bronchodilation, rapidly relieving bronchospasm in asthma exacerbations. This action improves airway flow and oxygenation almost immediately after administration. It is the primary rescue medication used in acute respiratory distress related to asthma.
Beta-blockers inhibit beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to decreased heart rate and blood pressure. They can cause bronchoconstriction, especially in patients with reactive airway diseases like asthma. Using beta-blockers would worsen asthma symptoms rather than relieve them during an exacerbation. Therefore, they are contraindicated in many clients with a history of asthma or severe allergies.
Corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory agents that decrease airway swelling over several hours or days. They do not provide the immediate bronchodilation needed during an acute asthma attack. Fluticasone and prednisone are examples used for long-term asthma control, not acute relief. Thus, corticosteroids differ significantly from bronchodilators like albuterol in onset and purpose.
Albuterol reduces airway resistance by relaxing constricted bronchial smooth muscles. This effect allows greater airflow into and out of the lungs, improving oxygen exchange. Decreased airway resistance is the primary mechanism by which respiratory symptoms are relieved. Effective bronchodilation is critical to restoring normal breathing during asthma exacerbations.
Albuterol may increase heart rate slightly due to beta-1 receptor cross-stimulation at high doses. It does not decrease heart rate and tachycardia is considered a known side effect. Heart rate monitoring is important during albuterol administration, especially in cardiac patients. Managing asthma symptoms requires balancing effective bronchodilation with minimal cardiac effects.
Albuterol does not directly act on inflammation but instead targets smooth muscle relaxation. The inflammatory response in asthma is treated with corticosteroids and leukotriene modifiers. Immediate asthma symptom relief depends on bronchodilation, not anti-inflammatory action. Thus, albuterol is classified solely as a bronchodilator, not an anti-inflammatory medication.

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

A. Propofol: Propofol is a powerful sedative used mainly for anesthesia or sedation during mechanical ventilation. It is not appropriate or expected for routine postoperative pain management with morphine on a surgical floor.

B. Methadone: Methadone is another opioid used for chronic pain management or opioid dependency, not typically prescribed alongside morphine for acute postoperative pain because combining opioids increases the risk of respiratory depression.

C. Docusate sodium: Docusate sodium is a stool softener often prescribed with opioids like morphine to prevent constipation, a common opioid side effect. Promoting bowel movements is an important preventative measure in postoperative patients.

D. Ibuprofen: Ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), may be prescribed to provide additional pain relief through a different mechanism and reduce inflammation. This combination allows lower opioid doses, improving pain management while minimizing opioid side effects.

E. Naloxone: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist kept available as a safety measure in case of opioid-induced respiratory depression. Having naloxone ordered and readily accessible is a critical precaution during opioid therapy.

F. Senna: Senna is a stimulant laxative that can be prescribed along with docusate to prevent or treat opioid-induced constipation by actively stimulating bowel movements, making it a commonly expected medication alongside opioids.

A. Hearing has decreased. B. White blood cell count of 6,000/mm3 (6 x 10^9/L). C. Decreased blood urea nitrogen. D. Reports of photophobia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hearing has decreased: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic known for its potential to cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss, tinnitus, or balance disturbances. Early signs of auditory damage, such as decreased hearing, must be promptly recognized because ototoxicity can be irreversible if the drug is not discontinued or adjusted quickly.

B. White blood cell count of 6,000/mm³ (6 × 10⁹/L): A WBC count within the range of 5,000 to 10,000/mm³ is considered normal. A value of 6,000/mm³ does not suggest bone marrow suppression or infection-related complications and is not an indicator of gentamicin toxicity.

C. Decreased blood urea nitrogen: Gentamicin is more commonly associated with nephrotoxicity, which typically leads to increased BUN and creatinine levels due to kidney injury. A decreased BUN level would not suggest an adverse reaction to gentamicin and would not be expected.

D. Reports of photophobia: Photophobia is not a recognized adverse effect of gentamicin. Visual disturbances like photophobia are more commonly associated with other medications or conditions, not aminoglycoside toxicity.

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Patient Data Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement by selecting from the lists of options provided. Albuterol is a _______ that decreases _______

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patient Data Which other medications would the nurse expect the surgeon to prescribe along with morphine? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

A male client has been receiving the antibiotic gentamicin sulfate, IV piggyback every 12 hours for several days. Which observation by the nurse indicates that the client may be experiencing an adverse effect of gentamicin? Reference Range: White Blood Cell [5,000 to 10,000/mm3 (5 to 10 10^9/L)]

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An older client with heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease (CAD), and hypertension (HTN), is receiving atenolol, furosemide, and enalapril daily. Which assessment(s) should the nurse include in evaluating the effectiveness of the medications? Select all that apply.

A female client with mild depression reports to the nurse recently starting St. John's wort. Which information provided by the client requires further instruction?

A client is receiving metronidazole for Clostridium difficile pseudomembranous colitis. Which information should the nurse include in this client's medication teaching plan?

A client with a history of angina reports the onset of chest pain. The nurse determines that the heart rate is 104 beats/minute and the blood pressure is 138/86 mm Hg. A transdermal nitroglycerin patch was applied 30 minutes ago to the right upper chest. Which action should the nurse take?

A client receives a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse education was effective?

The nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who is taking liraglutide. Which problem(s) in the client's history may increase the risk for development of pancreatitis? Select all that apply.

The nurse determines that a client has been taking antidepressants for the past six months. Which symptoms are common side effects of this medication classification?

Patient Data

Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement by selecting from the lists of options provided.

Albuterol is a
_
that decreases
_