Patient Data
Which technique should the nurse use when assessing the client for early signs of rheumatoid arthritis?
Palpate the lymph nodes.
Observe the client's fingers.
Palpate large joints for nodules.
Observe the skin for lesions.
The Correct Answer is B
B Early signs of rheumatoid arthritis often manifest in the small joints of the hands and fingers. Common findings may include swelling, redness, warmth, and stiffness in these joints. Therefore, observing the client's fingers for any signs of inflammation or deformity can provide valuable clues for early detection of rheumatoid arthritis.
A Swollen lymph node may occur in certain types of arthritis, such as reactive arthritis but they are not typically a hallmark sign of rheumatoid arthritis.
C Rheumatoid nodules can develop in later stages of rheumatoid arthritis, but they are not typically present in the early stages of the disease.
D Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems, including the skin but characteristic skin lesions are not typically associated with the early stages of the condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Lactulose works by reducing serum ammonia levels through the promotion of ammonia excretion in the feces, leading to improved cognitive function and mental status in individuals with hepatic encephalopathy.
A. Ability to ambulate independently is not a direct therapeutic response to lactulose administration for hepatic encephalopathy.
C. Lactulose is a laxative and often causes an increase in the number of stools, but the consistency of stools may become softer rather than completely liquid.
D. Increase in urine output is not a direct therapeutic response to lactulose administration for hepatic encephalopathy.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D. Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is inadequate alveolar ventilation, leading to retention of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) in the blood. The accumulation of carbon dioxide results in an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), leading to respiratory acidosis.
A. Hyperventilation refers to breathing at a rate and depth that exceeds the body's metabolic needs, leading to a decrease in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in the blood. Respiratory acidosis, however, is characterized by an increase in PaCO2 due to inadequate ventilation, not rapid elimination of carbon dioxide.
B. This choice refers to the hypoxic drive, which is a compensatory mechanism triggered by low oxygen levels in the blood. While hypoxemia (low oxygen levels) can stimulate the respiratory rate, it typically occurs in chronic respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rather than acute respiratory acidosis.
C. While the kidneys play a role in regulating acid-base balance through the excretion of hydrogen ions and reabsorption of bicarbonate ions, they do not directly eliminate carbon dioxide from the body.
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