Patient presents with dyspnea rapid, shallow breathing, inspiratory crackles, decreased lung compliance and hypoxemia. Tests reveal a fulminant form of respiratory failure characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary injury. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will observe on the chart?
Acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS
Sarcoidosis
Post operative respiratory failure
Malignant respiratory failure
The Correct Answer is A
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most likely diagnosis based on the patient's symptoms and test results. ARDS is a serious condition that can develop in response to a variety of lung injuries, including pneumonia, sepsis, and trauma. The hallmark of ARDS is diffuse alveolocapillary injury, which leads to decreased lung compliance, hypoxemia, and respiratory distress. The symptoms of ARDS typically develop rapidly and include dyspnea, rapid, shallow breathing, inspiratory crackles, and hypoxemia. Treatment for ARDS typically involves supportive care, including oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, and treatment of the underlying cause of the lung injury.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Dyspnea is a term used to describe difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. It is a subjective symptom and can be experienced differently by different people. Common signs and symptoms of dyspnea include feeling short of breath, chest tightness, rapid breathing, wheezing, coughing, and a feeling of suffocation. The work of breathing may be increased, and accessory muscles may be used to help with breathing. Exercise may worsen symptoms of dyspnea in some individuals, while in others, it may improve symptoms.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
At high altitudes, the air pressure is decreased, and there is less oxygen available in each breath. This leads to a decreased partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs, which can cause hypoxemia (low oxygen levels in the blood). Hyperventilation may initially help to increase oxygen delivery to the body, but it can also lead to respiratory alkalosis and decrease oxygen delivery to the tissues in the long run.
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