Prior to administering a drug used to treat anemia, the nurse should assess a client's vital signs, ability to carry out activities of daily living, and general appearance, and for the presence of which of the following other general symptoms?

Choice A rationale:

Sedation is not a common adverse reaction to antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral medications are primarily used to treat HIV and do not typically cause sedation.

Choice B rationale:

Bruising is a potential adverse reaction to antiretroviral therapy. Some antiretroviral medications can cause blood-related side effects, such as decreased platelet count, which can result in easy bruising and bleeding. It's important for the nurse to include this in the teaching plan to ensure the client is aware of this potential side effect.

Choice C rationale:

Altered taste is not a common adverse reaction to antiretroviral therapy. While some medications can cause taste disturbances, this is not a typical side effect of antiretroviral drugs.

Choice D rationale:

Constipation is not a common adverse reaction to antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral medications primarily target the HIV virus and do not typically cause gastrointestinal issues like constipation.

Choice A rationale:

Hemolytic anemia Hemolytic anemia is a contraindication for the use of ferrous sulfate, which is an iron supplement. Iron can exacerbate hemolysis in individuals with certain types of hemolytic anemia, leading to further breakdown of red blood cells. Therefore, the nurse should withhold the drug and consult with the primary healthcare provider to explore alternative treatments.

Choice B rationale:

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is not a direct contraindication for ferrous sulfate. Ferrous sulfate is used to treat iron-deficiency anemia, and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is a separate condition that requires different treatments. These two conditions are not typically interrelated in terms of treatment.

Choice C rationale:

Anemia of chronic kidney disease Anemia of chronic kidney disease is a condition where the kidneys are unable to produce enough erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production. While ferrous sulfate may not be the first-line treatment for this type of anemia, it is not a strict contraindication. The decision to use iron supplements would depend on the individual patient's needs and the primary healthcare provider's recommendations.

Choice D rationale:

Hypertension Hypertension is not a contraindication for ferrous sulfate use. While patients with high blood pressure should be monitored closely, iron supplementation does not directly affect blood pressure regulation. The nurse should consider potential interactions with other medications the client may be taking, but hypertension alone is not a reason to withhold ferrous sulfate.