A nurse is caring for a client brought to the health care facility for a drug overdose.
In which of the following cases can the client be administered an emetic?

Client's mental status is intact.

Client has an existing condition of severe hypertension.

Client has a medical history of convulsions.

Client has an existing condition of hemorrhagic diathesis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Emetics are medications that induce vomiting and are used in cases of drug overdose, ingestion of toxic substances, or other situations where rapid removal of the ingested substance is necessary. However, it is crucial that the client's mental status is intact and they can cooperate and understand the need to induce vomiting. If a client is unconscious or unable to protect their airway, inducing vomiting can lead to aspiration and further complications.

Choice B rationale:

Clients with existing severe hypertension should not be administered emetics, as the act of inducing vomiting can lead to a sudden increase in blood pressure, potentially causing adverse cardiovascular events.

Choice C rationale:

Clients with a medical history of convulsions (seizures) should not be given emetics. Inducing vomiting may lead to a convulsive episode, which can be harmful and increase the risk of aspiration.

Choice D rationale:

Clients with an existing condition of hemorrhagic diathesis (a tendency to bleed excessively) should not be administered emetics. Inducing vomiting can cause mucosal damage and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, further exacerbating the client's condition.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Nephrotoxicity. B. Cardiotoxicity. C. Hepatotoxicity. D. Cytotoxicity.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Aminoglycosides are known to have nephrotoxic effects. Nephrotoxicity refers to kidney toxicity, and aminoglycosides can cause damage to the renal tubules, leading to impaired kidney function. The nurse should be alert to this potential toxicity when administering these drugs, as it can result in kidney dysfunction, altered serum creatinine levels, and electrolyte imbalances.

Choice B rationale:

Cardiotoxicity is not typically associated with aminoglycosides. These antibiotics primarily affect the kidneys and the inner ear. There is no direct relationship between aminoglycosides and cardiac toxicity.

Choice C rationale:

Hepatotoxicity refers to liver toxicity and is not a common side effect of aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides are primarily metabolized in the kidneys and are excreted through urine, making kidney toxicity a more significant concern.

Choice D rationale:

Cytotoxicity is a broad term that refers to the toxicity of cells. Aminoglycosides do not typically cause generalized cytotoxic effects in the body. Their primary toxicities are related to specific organ systems, such as the kidneys and the inner ear.

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A nurse is caring for a client brought to the health care facility for a drug overdose.In which of the following cases can the client be administered an emetic?

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A nurse is caring for a client brought to the health care facility for a drug overdose.
In which of the following cases can the client be administered an emetic?