A nurse is caring for a client brought to the health care facility for a drug overdose.
In which of the following cases can the client be administered an emetic?
Client's mental status is intact.
Client has an existing condition of severe hypertension.
Client has a medical history of convulsions.
Client has an existing condition of hemorrhagic diathesis.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Emetics are medications that induce vomiting and are used in cases of drug overdose, ingestion of toxic substances, or other situations where rapid removal of the ingested substance is necessary. However, it is crucial that the client's mental status is intact and they can cooperate and understand the need to induce vomiting. If a client is unconscious or unable to protect their airway, inducing vomiting can lead to aspiration and further complications.
Choice B rationale:
Clients with existing severe hypertension should not be administered emetics, as the act of inducing vomiting can lead to a sudden increase in blood pressure, potentially causing adverse cardiovascular events.
Choice C rationale:
Clients with a medical history of convulsions (seizures) should not be given emetics. Inducing vomiting may lead to a convulsive episode, which can be harmful and increase the risk of aspiration.
Choice D rationale:
Clients with an existing condition of hemorrhagic diathesis (a tendency to bleed excessively) should not be administered emetics. Inducing vomiting can cause mucosal damage and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, further exacerbating the client's condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Protease inhibitors are a category of antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of HIV. They work by affecting an enzyme called protease, which is necessary for the maturation of new viral particles. By inhibiting protease, these drugs prevent the formation of mature, infectious HIV particles.
Choice B rationale:
Reverse transcriptase inhibitors, including both nucleoside and non-nucleoside variants, target the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This enzyme is involved in the conversion of HIV RNA into DNA, an essential step in the viral life cycle. However, it's not about preventing the maturation of new viral particles, as mentioned in the question.
Choice C rationale:
Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) also inhibit the reverse transcriptase enzyme, but they do so differently than protease inhibitors. While they are vital in HIV treatment, they do not specifically target the maturation of viral particles.
Choice D rationale:
Integrase inhibitors target the enzyme integrase, which is involved in the integration of viral DNA into the host cell's DNA. This step is crucial in the HIV life cycle, but it's not related to the maturation of new viral particles.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
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