A nurse is caring for a client brought to the health care facility for a drug overdose.
In which of the following cases can the client be administered an emetic?
Client's mental status is intact.
Client has an existing condition of severe hypertension.
Client has a medical history of convulsions.
Client has an existing condition of hemorrhagic diathesis.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Emetics are medications that induce vomiting and are used in cases of drug overdose, ingestion of toxic substances, or other situations where rapid removal of the ingested substance is necessary. However, it is crucial that the client's mental status is intact and they can cooperate and understand the need to induce vomiting. If a client is unconscious or unable to protect their airway, inducing vomiting can lead to aspiration and further complications.
Choice B rationale:
Clients with existing severe hypertension should not be administered emetics, as the act of inducing vomiting can lead to a sudden increase in blood pressure, potentially causing adverse cardiovascular events.
Choice C rationale:
Clients with a medical history of convulsions (seizures) should not be given emetics. Inducing vomiting may lead to a convulsive episode, which can be harmful and increase the risk of aspiration.
Choice D rationale:
Clients with an existing condition of hemorrhagic diathesis (a tendency to bleed excessively) should not be administered emetics. Inducing vomiting can cause mucosal damage and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, further exacerbating the client's condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when an individual is exposed to a disease-causing agent for the first time and develops immunity through their immune response. In this case, the client is exposed to chickenpox for the first time, and the immune system will produce antibodies to provide future protection.
Choice B rationale:
Administration of a vaccine (varicella vaccine) is an example of artificially acquired active immunity. The client's immune system responds to the weakened or inactivated pathogen in the vaccine to produce immunity. This choice does not represent naturally acquired immunity.
Choice C rationale:
Similar to choice B, administration of the influenza vaccine is an example of artificially acquired active immunity. The vaccine contains inactivated influenza virus components, prompting the individual's immune system to develop immunity.
Choice D rationale:
Administration of the rubella vaccine is another example of artificially acquired active immunity. The vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against rubella, but this is not an example of naturally acquired immunity.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The most appropriate action for the nurse in this situation is to inform the primary healthcare provider. When a patient with a known penicillin allergy requires a cephalosporin, it's essential to inform the primary healthcare provider because cephalosporins, while structurally related to penicillins, may or may not cross-react with penicillin allergies. The provider needs to assess the patient's allergy history and determine if it's safe to administer the cephalosporin.
Choice B rationale:
Obtaining the patient's occupational history is not the most appropriate action in this scenario. Allergic reactions to medications are not related to the patient's occupation, and it doesn't address the immediate concern of potential cross-reactivity between penicillin and cephalosporin allergies.
Choice C rationale:
Administering an antipyretic drug is not the most appropriate action in this case. The patient's known penicillin allergy and the need for a cephalosporin are the primary concerns. Treating a potential allergic reaction with an antipyretic should only be considered after consultation with the primary healthcare provider.
Choice D rationale:
Obtaining specimens for kidney function tests is not the most appropriate action in this situation. While assessing kidney function is important in some cases, it doesn't address the immediate issue of the patient's penicillin allergy and the need for a cephalosporin. The primary focus should be on ensuring the safety of the antibiotic choice.
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