The nurse assesses a client with a history of migraine headaches. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse identify as an early sign of a migraine with an aura?

Numbness of the fingers

Visual disturbances

Lethargy

Vertigo

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Numbness of the fingers is not an early sign of a migraine with an aura, but rather a symptom of a sensory aura, which occurs after the visual aura and before the headache. A sensory aura is a tingling or numb sensation that affects one side of the body, usually the face, arm, or hand.

Choice B reason: This is correct. Visual disturbances are an early sign of a migraine with an aura, which precedes the headache by 10 to 60 minutes. A visual aura is a temporary change in vision, such as seeing flashes, zigzags, blind spots, or shimmering shapes.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Lethargy is not an early sign of a migraine with an aura, but rather a symptom of the postdrome phase, which occurs after the headache subsides. The postdrome phase is a period of recovery, where the patient may feel tired, weak, or confused.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Vertigo is not an early sign of a migraine with an aura, but rather a symptom of a vestibular migraine, which is a type of migraine that affects the balance and hearing. Vertigo is a sensation of spinning or dizziness that may occur with or without a headache.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is correct. Folic acid deficiency causes macrocytic, normochromic anemia, which means that the red blood cells are larger than normal, but have normal color and hemoglobin content. Folic acid is a vitamin that is needed for the synthesis of DNA and the maturation of red blood cells.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Microcytic, hypochromic anemia means that the red blood cells are smaller than normal and have less color and hemoglobin content. This type of anemia is caused by iron deficiency, not folic acid deficiency.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Normocytic, normochromic anemia means that the red blood cells are normal in size, color, and hemoglobin content, but there are fewer of them. This type of anemia is caused by blood loss, hemolysis, or bone marrow failure, not folic acid deficiency.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Microcytic, normochromic anemia means that the red blood cells are smaller than normal, but have normal color and hemoglobin content. This type of anemia is rare and is caused by disorders of red blood cell production, such as thalassemia or sideroblastic anemia, not folic acid deficiency.

A. decreasing intracranial pressure with decerebrate posturing. B. increasing intracranial pressure with decorticate posturing. C. decreasing intracranial pressure with decorticate posturing. D. increasing intracranial pressure with decerebrate posturing.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Decreasing intracranial pressure with decerebrate posturing is not the correct answer. Decerebrate posturing is a sign of severe brain damage that involves the extension and outward rotation of the arms and legs, and the arching of the back. It is not associated with decreasing intracranial pressure, but rather with increased pressure or brainstem compression.

Choice B reason: Increasing intracranial pressure with decorticate posturing is the correct answer. Decorticate posturing is a sign of severe brain damage that involves the flexion of the arms at the elbows and the extension of the legs. It is associated with increased intracranial pressure or lesions in the cerebral hemispheres.

Choice C reason: Decreasing intracranial pressure with decorticate posturing is not the correct answer. Decorticate posturing is a sign of severe brain damage that involves the flexion of the arms at the elbows and the extension of the legs. It is not associated with decreasing intracranial pressure, but rather with increased pressure or lesions in the cerebral hemispheres.

Choice D reason: Increasing intracranial pressure with decerebrate posturing is not the correct answer. Decerebrate posturing is a sign of severe brain damage that involves the extension and outward rotation of the arms and legs, and the arching of the back. It is associated with increased intracranial pressure or brainstem compression, but it is not the posture described in the question.

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The nurse assesses a client with a history of migraine headaches. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse identify as an early sign of a migraine with an aura?

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