The caregiver whose newborn was newly diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU) has questions about the disorder. Which statement made by the nurse is correct regarding PKU?

"A urine test can check the necessary lab values."

"Severe cognitive deficits can result with untreated PKU."

"The urine has a high concentration of phenyl pyruvic acid."

"The effects of PKU are reversible."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. PKU is typically diagnosed through a blood test, not a urine test. The blood test measures phenylalanine levels, which are elevated in PKU.

B. Untreated PKU can lead to severe cognitive deficits and developmental delays due to the accumulation of phenylalanine, which is toxic to the brain. Early detection and treatment can prevent these outcomes.

C. In PKU, the urine does not typically contain high levels of phenyl pyruvic acid; it is the blood levels of phenylalanine that are elevated.

D. The effects of PKU are not reversible; however, with early and consistent treatment, such as a strict low-phenylalanine diet, the symptoms can be managed effectively.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While explaining discharge instructions is important, it is not the immediate priority following cast application.

B. Educating the client to elevate the leg is important to reduce swelling, but it is not the first priority.

C. Administering pain relief is necessary, but assessing circulation, sensation, and movement is more critical to identify any early signs of complications.

D. Performing a neurovascular assessment is the priority action because it ensures that there is no compromise to blood flow, sensation, or movement in the affected limb, which could indicate complications such as compartment syndrome.

A. Reduced intellectual processing B. Slow, lethargic movements C. Recent weight loss D. Swollen, protuberant abdomen

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Reduced intellectual processing is not typically associated with hyperthyroidism; it is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism.

B. Slow, lethargic movements are more indicative of hypothyroidism rather than hyperthyroidism.

C. Recent weight loss is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism due to increased metabolic rate and appetite changes.

D. A swollen, protuberant abdomen is not a typical symptom of hyperthyroidism. It is more associated with other conditions such as hypothyroidism or gastrointestinal issues.

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The caregiver whose newborn was newly diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU) has questions about the disorder. Which statement made by the nurse is correct regarding PKU?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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