The nurse is reviewing the immunization schedule with the parent of a child who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What statement by the parents indicates that teaching has been effective?

"The varicella vaccine should be withheld if my child is symptomatic of their illness."

"The vaccination schedule does not apply to my child."

"The pneumococcal (PCV) vaccine should be delayed until my child's first birthday."

"The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is contraindicated for my child."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The varicella vaccine, which is a live attenuated vaccine, may be withheld if the child is symptomatic of their illness or has a significantly compromised immune system. This is due to the increased risk of severe reactions or complications in immunocompromised individuals.

B. The vaccination schedule is still applicable to children with HIV, but there may be adjustments based on the child’s immunocompetence and specific health status.

C. The pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for children with HIV and is typically administered according to the standard schedule, not delayed until the first birthday.

D. The HPV vaccine is generally recommended for children with HIV, as they are at increased risk for HPV-related complications. It is not contraindicated.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. An upper gastrointestinal series is commonly used to diagnose gastroesophageal reflux (GER), which can cause symptoms like spitting up and crying after feedings, leading to failure to thrive. This test helps visualize the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum for abnormalities.

B. A biopsy of the small intestine is typically done to diagnose celiac disease, which is less likely in this clinical scenario.

C. An ultrasound is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis, which presents with projectile vomiting and is less consistent with the described symptoms.

D. A lower gastrointestinal series is used to detect intestinal blockages, which are not suggested by the symptoms of spitting up and crying immediately after feeding.

A. Increasing fluid intake B. Inserting an indwelling catheter C. Maintaining prone positioning D. Preventing skin breakdown

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Increasing fluid intake is important for overall health but is not the primary concern in the initial management of bladder exstrophy.

B. Inserting a catheter may be necessary but is not the first priority in managing bladder exstrophy.

C. Prone positioning is generally not recommended for infants with bladder exstrophy; supine positioning may be preferable to prevent pressure on the exposed bladder.

D. Preventing skin breakdown is critical due to the constant exposure of the bladder and surrounding skin to urine, leading to a high risk of irritation and infection.

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The nurse is reviewing the immunization schedule with the parent of a child who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What statement by the parents indicates that teaching has been effective?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A pediatric client is admitted to the unit with failure to thrive. The mother states that the child has been "spitting up" and excessively crying immediately after every bottle. What diagnostic test will the nurse anticipate to confirm a diagnosis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An infant is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of bladder exstrophy. What should the nurse prioritize when caring for a client with this condition?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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