The client asks why it takes so much longer for the PO pain medication to work, when the IV medication works almost immediately. Which would be the best response for the nurse to give?
It is psychological. People believe IV is better so they feel it works quicker.
Oral medications take longer to absorb into your system than IV medications.
There is absolutely no difference between IV and oral medications.
IV medication doses are always much higher than oral doses.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not say that it is psychological, as this is not true and may offend the client. The difference between IV and oral medications is not based on the client's belief or perception, but on the pharmacokinetics of the drugs.
Choice B reason: This statement is true. The nurse's best response is to explain that oral medications take longer to absorb into the system than IV medications, as oral medications have to pass through the digestive tract and the liver before reaching the bloodstream. IV medications are injected directly into the vein and bypass the digestive tract and the liver. Therefore, IV medications have a faster onset of action and a higher bioavailability than oral medications.
Choice C reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not say that there is no difference between IV and oral medications, as this is not true and may confuse the client. IV and oral medications have different routes of administration, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. These factors affect the drug levels and effects in the body.
Choice D reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not say that IV medication doses are always higher than oral doses, as this is not true and may mislead the client. IV and oral medication doses are determined by the drug characteristics, the client's condition, and the desired outcome. Sometimes, IV medication doses are lower than oral doses, as IV medications have a higher bioavailability and a more potent effect than oral medications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is false. INR level is not a priority assessment for a patient receiving digoxin, as digoxin is not an anticoagulant. INR level is used to monitor the effects of warfarin, which is a different medication.
Choice B reason: This statement is true. Apical heart rate is a priority assessment for a patient receiving digoxin, as digoxin can affect the cardiac rhythm and contractility. The nurse should check the apical heart rate for one full minute before administering digoxin, and hold the dose if the rate is below 60 beats per minute or above 100 beats per minute.
Choice C reason: This statement is false. Blood pressure is not a priority assessment for a patient receiving digoxin, as digoxin does not have a significant effect on blood pressure. Blood pressure is more relevant for other medications used to treat heart failure, such as diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or beta-blockers.
Choice D reason: This statement is false. Temperature is not a priority assessment for a patient receiving digoxin, as digoxin does not cause fever or hypothermia. Temperature is more indicative of an infection or inflammation, which may worsen the condition of heart failure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is false. The nurse does not need to understand that absorption will be affected in this patient, as absorption is the process of moving the drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream. Absorption is mainly influenced by the route of administration, the drug formulation, and the blood flow to the site of administration. Acute renal failure does not have a significant impact on absorption.
Choice B reason: This statement is false. The nurse does not need to understand that distribution will be affected in this patient, as distribution is the process of moving the drug from the bloodstream to the tissues and organs. Distribution is mainly influenced by the blood flow, the plasma protein binding, and the tissue affinity of the drug. Acute renal failure does not have a significant impact on distribution.
Choice C reason: This statement is false. The nurse does not need to understand that metabolism will be affected in this patient, as metabolism is the process of transforming the drug into more or less active forms by the enzymes in the liver or other organs. Metabolism is mainly influenced by the genetic factors, the liver function, and the drug interactions. Acute renal failure does not have a significant impact on metabolism.
Choice D reason: This statement is true. The nurse should understand that excretion will be affected in this patient, as excretion is the process of eliminating the drug and its metabolites from the body by the kidneys or other organs. Excretion is mainly influenced by the kidney function, the urine pH, and the drug characteristics. Acute renal failure can impair the kidney function and reduce the excretion of the drug and its metabolites. This can cause the drug to accumulate in the body and increase the risk of toxicity or adverse effects.
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