The community health nurse believes that immunization rates in a lower-socioeconomic section of the city are probably below the target set by the state health department. Which action should the nurse take first to intervene with this health problem?
Review current epidemiological population data that might document a low immunization rate.
Call a meeting of citizens to inform them of the importance of having their children immunized.
Join a political action group that focuses attention on the issue in the local news media.
Partner with a local children's hospital in setting up free "shot" clinics in the neighborhood.
The Correct Answer is A
A) Review current epidemiological population data that might document a low immunization rate:
The first step in addressing low immunization rates is to gather and review current epidemiological data to confirm the extent of the problem. This data will provide a clear picture of the immunization rates in the area and help identify the specific gaps that need to be addressed. Accurate data is essential for designing targeted interventions and measuring their effectiveness.
B) Call a meeting of citizens to inform them of the importance of having their children immunized:
Informing the community about the importance of immunizations is a crucial step, but it should follow an assessment of the current immunization rates. Without data, it is difficult to know the exact need or how to effectively tailor the education to the community’s specific situation.
C) Join a political action group that focuses attention on the issue in the local news media:
While raising awareness through media and political action can be effective, it is more important to first understand the specific problem through data. The approach to media and political action can be informed and refined based on the findings from the epidemiological data review.
D) Partner with a local children's hospital in setting up free "shot" clinics in the neighborhood:
Setting up free clinics can be a valuable intervention, but before implementing such a program, it is essential to understand the scope of the problem through data review. This ensures that resources are allocated effectively and that the clinics are set up in the areas with the greatest need.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Wear a N95 respirator mask during direct contact with others:
SARS is a viral respiratory illness that spreads via respiratory droplets, and an N95 respirator mask is specifically designed to filter out airborne particles, including those that could carry the SARS virus. Wearing an N95 respirator is critical for preventing the transmission of SARS to others, especially in healthcare settings or close contact situations.
B. Cover mouth and turn head when coughing:
Covering the mouth and turning the head helps reduce the spread of droplets, but it is not sufficient to prevent transmission of airborne viruses like SARS. For effective prevention, especially in a healthcare setting, more stringent measures like using N95 respirators are required.
C. Use meticulous hand washing technique:
Hand washing is crucial for preventing the spread of many infections, but it does not directly address the airborne transmission of viruses like SARS. While it complements other infection control measures, it is not the primary method for preventing SARS transmission.
D. Discard all tissues used during coughing in a biohazard bag:
Proper disposal of tissues is important for infection control, but it alone does not prevent the airborne spread of SARS. This measure is part of broader infection control practices but is less effective in preventing transmission compared to the use of N95 respirators.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Smoking cessation:
Smoking cessation is a crucial preventive measure and is considered a primary prevention strategy to reduce the risk of developing smoking-related diseases. However, for a middle-aged client who already has health issues such as obesity or hypertension, secondary prevention focuses on early detection and management of conditions that have already developed or are at high risk of developing.
B) Compliance with antihypertensive and lipid-lowering agents:
While compliance with medication is essential for managing existing conditions such as hypertension or dyslipidemia, it is not a secondary prevention measure in itself. Secondary prevention is focused on screening and early detection of health issues before they progress further.
C) Blood pressure and lipid screening:
Blood pressure and lipid screening are appropriate secondary prevention measures for this client. Secondary prevention involves identifying and managing health conditions early to prevent progression or complications. Given the client’s smoking history, weight, and potential risk for cardiovascular issues, regular screening for blood pressure and lipid levels helps detect any developing issues early, allowing for timely intervention.
D) Increase physical activity and diet low in saturated fat:
Increasing physical activity and adopting a diet low in saturated fat are important lifestyle changes for overall health and primary prevention of chronic diseases. However, in the context of secondary prevention, where the focus is on monitoring and managing existing risk factors or health conditions, screening measures like blood pressure and lipid testing are more directly relevant.
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