The difference in an area with high concentration and an area with low concentration is called
The variant.
The concentration gradient.
Level gradient.
The osmotic pressure.
Turgid pressure.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale: The variant is a term used to describe a viral genome that may contain one or more mutations. It is not related to the difference in concentration between two areas. ³
Choice B rationale: The concentration gradient is the correct term for the difference in concentration between two areas. It is a measure of how steep the change in concentration is. ¹
Choice C rationale: Level gradient is not a term used in biology or chemistry. It may refer to the slope of a surface or a line, but not to the concentration of solutes in a solution.
Choice D rationale: The osmotic pressure is the minimum pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane. It depends on the concentration of solute particles in the solution and is calculated with the formula π = iCRT. It is not the same as the concentration gradient, although it is related to it. ⁴
Choice E rationale: Turgid pressure is the force exerted by stored water against a cell wall. It is caused by the osmotic flow of water and occurs in plants, fungi, and bacteria. It is also called hydrostatic pressure and affects cell growth, movement, and dispersal. It is not the same as the concentration gradient, although it is influenced by it. ⁵
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Diffusion is a passive process that does not require energy input from the cell. It is driven by the random motion of molecules that results in a net movement from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration.
Diffusion is one of the ways that substances can cross the cell membrane, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water. Diffusion is important for cellular functions, such as gas exchange, nutrient uptake, and waste removal. Diffusion also helps maintain the homeostasis of the cell by balancing the concentration gradients of different molecules. Therefore, diffusion is the movement of a molecule from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Red blood cells are animal cells that lack a cell wall, a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells, such as Elodea cells. A cell wall provides support and protection for the cell, and prevents excessive water uptake or loss. Red blood cells, on the other hand, rely on the osmotic balance of their environment to maintain their shape and function. If red blood cells are placed in a hypotonic solution, where the water concentration is higher outside than inside the cell, they will swell and burst due to osmosis. This is called hemolysis. If red blood cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, where the water concentration is lower outside than inside the cell, they will shrink and lose their ability to carry oxygen. This is called crenation.
Elodea cells, however, can withstand hypotonic or hypertonic solutions without bursting or shrinking, because their cell wall prevents the water from entering or leaving the cell beyond a certain point. Therefore, a major difference between red blood cells and Elodea cells is that Elodea cells have a cell wall, which protects them from bursting.
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