The drug URECHOLINE for the management of urinary retention belongs to what class of drugs?
Adrenergic.
Anticholinergic.
Cholinergic.
Adrenergic Blocker.
The Correct Answer is C
Urecholine is the brand name of bethanechol, a drug that belongs to the class of cholinergics, genitourinary.
Choice A is wrong because adrenergic drugs are those that activate the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the fight-or-flight response. Adrenergic drugs can cause relaxation of the bladder and urinary retention, not contraction and emptying.
Choice B is wrong because anticholinergic drugs are those that block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that mediates the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the rest-and-digest response. Anticholinergic drugs can also cause relaxation of the bladder and urinary retention, not contraction and emptying.
Choice D is wrong because adrenergic blockers are those that inhibit the action of adrenergic receptors, which are activated by adrenergic drugs or by the natural neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine. Adrenergic blockers can have various effects on the bladder depending on the type and location of the receptors they block, but they are not used to treat urinary retention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This is because potassium sparing diuretics do not lower potassium levels in the blood, unlike some other types of diuretics. Potassium is an important electrolyte that helps regulate nerve and muscle functions, especially the heart. Low potassium levels can cause irregular heartbeats and other problems.Therefore, people who take diuretics should avoid foods that are high in potassium, such as bananas, oranges, tomatoes, and potatoes, unless they are taking potassium sparing diuretics.
Choice A is wrong because thiazide diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide, can cause low potassium levels in the blood and increase the risk of arrhythmias.
People who take thiazide diuretics may need to take potassium supplements or eat more potassium-rich foods.
Choice B is wrong because osmotic diuretics, such as mannitol, do not affect potassium levels in the blood.
They work by increasing the amount of water in the urine, but do not alter the electrolyte balance.
Osmotic diuretics are mainly used to treat brain swelling or glaucoma.
Choice D is wrong because loop diuretics, such as lasix, can also cause low potassium levels in the blood and increase the risk of arrhythmias.
People who take loop diuretics may also need to take potassium supplements or eat more potassium-rich foods.
Normal ranges for potassium in the blood are 3.5 to 5.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L).
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This is because low potassium levels (hypokalemia) increase the sensitivity of the heart to digoxin and can lead to toxicity even with normal serum digoxin levels. Digoxin inhibits the sodium-potassium pump on the cardiac cells, which causes potassium to accumulate outside the cells.Low potassium levels in the blood create a larger gradient for potassium to move out of the cells, which enhances the effect of digoxin and can cause arrhythmias.
Choice B is wrong because calcium 9.2 mg/dL is within the normal range (8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL) and does not increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.However, high calcium levels (hypercalcemia) can potentiate the effects of digoxin and cause toxicity.
Choice C is wrong because sodium 140 mEq/L is within the normal range (135 to 145 mEq/L) and does not increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.However, high sodium levels (hypernatremia) can reduce the binding of digoxin to the sodium-potassium pump and decrease its efficacy.
Choice D is wrong because magnesium 2.2 mg/dL is within the normal range (1.7 to 2.4 mg/dL) and does not increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.However, low magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia) can increase the sensitivity of the heart to digoxin and cause toxicity.
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