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The following are probable signs of pregnancy, except?

A.

Deepening pigmentation

B.

Abdominal enlargement

C.

Ballottement

D.

Positive pregnancy test result

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Deepening pigmentation, such as changes in the skin like melasma or linea nigra, is considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy, as it is subjective and not specific to pregnancy alone. 

B. Abdominal enlargement is a probable sign of pregnancy as it is more objective and can be caused by the growing uterus. However, it may also occur due to other conditions, such as tumors or fluid accumulation. 

C. Ballottement, a sensation felt when the fetus rebounds after being pushed gently, is a probable sign of pregnancy due to its reliance on the presence of a fetus. 

D. A positive pregnancy test result is a probable sign because it detects hCG levels, which are strongly associated with pregnancy but may also be elevated in other conditions. 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Supine hypotension syndrome occurs when the gravid uterus compresses the inferior vena cava when the woman is lying flat on her back, leading to decreased venous return, lowered cardiac output, and a drop in blood pressure. This can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and sometimes fainting. It is more common in the later stages of pregnancy, such as at 38 weeks.

B. Pregnancy-induced hypotension refers to a decrease in blood pressure due to pregnancy, but it typically does not occur specifically when lying on the back, and is not the main cause of dizziness when positioned in that way.

C. Anxiety can cause dizziness, but it is not the most likely cause of dizziness related to lying flat on the back, especially in late pregnancy.

D. Hypoglycemia can cause dizziness, but it is not typically triggered by a change in position like lying on the back, making it less likely in this scenario.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The umbilical cord typically contains two arteries that carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta and one vein that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus. This arrangement supports effective nutrient and gas exchange during fetal development.

B. Two veins are not found in the umbilical cord; only one vein is present.

C. While one artery and one vein might be seen in abnormal conditions like single umbilical artery (SUA), this is not typical.

D. Two veins and one artery is incorrect as the typical structure includes two arteries and one vein.

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