A nurse is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks of gestation during an initial prenatal visit. The client asks, "What is a normal fetal heart rate?" Which of the following ranges should the nurse provide?

110 to 160/min

100 to 110/min

160 to 190/min

80 to 100/min

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. 110 to 160/min is the normal range for a fetal heart rate at 12 weeks of gestation. The fetal heart rate tends to be higher early in pregnancy and stabilizes within this range by the second trimester.

B. 100 to 110/min is too low for a normal fetal heart rate.

C. 160 to 190/min is above the normal range and may suggest tachycardia, which requires further investigation.

D. 80 to 100/min is too low for a typical fetal heart rate and would be considered bradycardia, which could indicate a concern.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The umbilical cord typically contains two arteries that carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta and one vein that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus. This arrangement supports effective nutrient and gas exchange during fetal development.

B. Two veins are not found in the umbilical cord; only one vein is present.

C. While one artery and one vein might be seen in abnormal conditions like single umbilical artery (SUA), this is not typical.

D. Two veins and one artery is incorrect as the typical structure includes two arteries and one vein.

A. Mood swings B. Facial edema C. Decreased energy D. Urinary frequency

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Mood swings are common during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and are usually not an indication of a serious concern unless they become severe or are accompanied by other symptoms of depression.

B. Facial edema (especially sudden swelling of the face or eyes) can indicate preeclampsia, a potentially serious pregnancy complication. It should be reported to the provider.

C. Decreased energy is common, particularly in the first and third trimesters, and is generally not a cause for concern unless it is extreme or persistent.

D. Urinary frequency is a typical symptom of pregnancy, especially during the first and third trimesters, and is not usually a sign of a problem.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks of gestation during an initial prenatal visit. The client asks, "What is a normal fetal heart rate?" Which of the following ranges should the nurse provide?

Nursing Test Bank

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