The location of the kidneys in the child in relationship to the location of the kidneys in the adult makes which fact a greater likelihood in the child?

The child has more frequent urges to empty the bladder.

The child has a greater risk for trauma to the kidney.

The adult has a greater chance of retaining fluids than the child.

The adult has less fat to cushion the kidney.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Frequent bladder urges relate to bladder size and neurological maturation, not kidney location. Children’s higher kidney position increases trauma risk, making this unrelated and incorrect for the anatomical difference in kidney placement between children and adults in the context of injury risk.

Choice B reason: Children’s kidneys are proportionally larger and higher (near T12-L3) with less protective fat, increasing trauma risk from blunt injury. This anatomical difference aligns with pediatric urology evidence, making it the correct fact related to kidney location in children compared to adults.

Choice C reason: Fluid retention is a physiological process, not directly tied to kidney location. Children’s higher kidney placement increases trauma susceptibility, making this irrelevant and incorrect for the anatomical comparison of kidney position between children and adults in terms of health risks.

Choice D reason: Adults may have less fat, but children’s kidneys are less protected due to higher positioning and thinner fat layers. Trauma risk is the primary concern, making this partially correct but incorrect compared to the direct consequence of kidney trauma in children due to location.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: A sedative 1.5-2 hours pre-surgery reduces anxiety, and an analgesic-atropine mixture just before leaving minimizes pain and secretions. This timing aligns with pediatric preoperative protocols, making it the correct anticipation for administering medications to prepare the child for surgery effectively.

Choice B reason: Giving medications the night before surgery is too early for preoperative effects like sedation or secretion control. The correct timing is closer to surgery, making this incorrect, as it does not align with standard preoperative medication administration for a child undergoing surgery.

Choice C reason: A sedative 3-4 hours before surgery is too early, reducing effectiveness, and the analgesic-atropine timing is suboptimal. The 1.5-2-hour sedative window is standard, making this incorrect compared to the precise timing needed for preoperative medications in pediatric surgical care.

Choice D reason: Sending medications to the operating room delays administration, risking inadequate preoperative sedation or secretion control. Administering at specific pre-surgery intervals is standard, making this incorrect compared to the timed delivery of sedative and analgesic-atropine for the child’s surgical preparation.

A. Encourage the client to wear his or her own clothes, talk to friends on the phone, and interact with other clients who have similar illnesses. B. Make all treatment and care decisions; the preteen is too young to have any responsibility for his or her own care. C. Encourage the client to keep his or her limitations foremost in mind when trying a new skill or task at which his or her peers have begun to excel. D. Create a clear list of behavioral rules to give the client when he or she arrives.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Wearing personal clothes, connecting with friends, and interacting with peers with similar illnesses fosters normalcy and emotional well-being in a 12-year-old. This aligns with pediatric psychosocial care for chronic illness, making it the correct action to help the preteen thrive during hospitalization.

Choice B reason: Making all decisions excludes the 12-year-old from care involvement, undermining autonomy and coping. Encouraging personal expression and peer connection supports thriving, making this disempowering and incorrect compared to fostering independence and emotional health in a chronically ill preteen in the hospital.

Choice C reason: Focusing on limitations discourages confidence and resilience, hindering a 12-year-old’s adaptation to chronic illness. Promoting normalcy through clothes and social interaction is more supportive, making this negative and incorrect for helping the preteen thrive during their hospital stay with a chronic condition.

Choice D reason: Strict behavioral rules may provide structure but do not address emotional and social needs like personal expression and peer support. Encouraging normalcy fosters thriving, making this less impactful and incorrect compared to actions promoting psychosocial well-being in a hospitalized 12-year-old with chronic illness.

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The location of the kidneys in the child in relationship to the location of the kidneys in the adult makes which fact a greater likelihood in the child?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse administering the preoperative medications to the child going to surgery would anticipate which of the following related to giving preoperative medications?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is working with a 12-year-old who is hospitalized with a chronic illness. Which action by the nurse might help the chronically ill preteen thrive while hospitalized?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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