The LPN/LVN is aware that the bioavailability of a drug is based on multiple factors. Which factor(s) would be included? Select all that apply.

molecular weight

fat or liquid solubility

depth of breathing

development of a fever

presence of food

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. Molecular weight: Drugs with lower molecular weight tend to have higher bioavailability because they can more easily pass through biological membranes.

B. Fat or liquid solubility: Drugs that are fat-soluble can cross cell membranes more easily, affecting their bioavailability. Water-soluble drugs may require transport mechanisms, which can limit absorption.

C. Depth of breathing: The depth of breathing primarily affects the absorption of inhaled drugs, not the general bioavailability of orally or intravenously administered medications.

D. Development of a fever: While fever can affect drug metabolism, it doesn’t directly influence the bioavailability of a drug.

E. Presence of food: Food in the stomach can either enhance or inhibit drug absorption, depending on the drug’s characteristics. This directly impacts bioavailability.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Allergy shot: Patients should be observed for at least 15 minutes after receiving an allergy shot because of the risk of anaphylactic reactions, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

B. B12 shot: Observation after a B12 shot is not typically necessary as it is generally well tolerated and does not carry a high risk of immediate allergic reactions.

C. Antibiotics: Some antibiotics, especially when given by injection, can cause allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Therefore, it’s prudent to observe the patient for 15 minutes after administration.

D. Immunizations: Like allergy shots, immunizations can sometimes cause allergic reactions or anaphylaxis, so patients are often observed for 15 minutes following administration.

A. Checking the label before taking the medication out of the cabinet, pouring the medication, and placing the bottle back in the cabinet. B. Checking the label while removing the bottle from the cabinet, after pouring the dose of medication, and while replacing the bottle in the cabinet. C. Checking the label after removing the bottle from the cabinet and pouring the dose of medication and before closing the cabinet door. D. Checking the label before leaving the medication room.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Checking the label before taking the medication out of the cabinet, pouring the medication, and placing the bottle back in the cabinet. This option does not follow the "three checks" principle effectively. The label should also be checked after pouring and before administering the medication to ensure accuracy.

B. Checking the label while removing the bottle from the cabinet, after pouring the dose of medication, and while replacing the bottle in the cabinet. This option correctly follows the "three checks" principle: when removing the medication from the cabinet, after pouring the dose, and when replacing the bottle. This ensures that the right medication is given in the correct dose.

C. Checking the label after removing the bottle from the cabinet and pouring the dose of medication and before closing the cabinet door. This option misses the second check before administering the medication, which is essential to ensure the correct drug and dosage.

D. Checking the label before leaving the medication room. Checking the label before leaving the medication room does not ensure that the correct medication and dosage are being administered at the bedside.

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The LPN/LVN is aware that the bioavailability of a drug is based on multiple factors. Which factor(s) would be included? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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