The LPN/LVN is aware that the bioavailability of a drug is based on multiple factors. Which factor(s) would be included? Select all that apply.

molecular weight

fat or liquid solubility

depth of breathing

development of a fever

presence of food

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. Molecular weight: Drugs with lower molecular weight tend to have higher bioavailability because they can more easily pass through biological membranes.

B. Fat or liquid solubility: Drugs that are fat-soluble can cross cell membranes more easily, affecting their bioavailability. Water-soluble drugs may require transport mechanisms, which can limit absorption.

C. Depth of breathing: The depth of breathing primarily affects the absorption of inhaled drugs, not the general bioavailability of orally or intravenously administered medications.

D. Development of a fever: While fever can affect drug metabolism, it doesn’t directly influence the bioavailability of a drug.

E. Presence of food: Food in the stomach can either enhance or inhibit drug absorption, depending on the drug’s characteristics. This directly impacts bioavailability.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The patient complains of shortness of breath: Shortness of breath is a hallmark symptom of an anaphylactic reaction. It indicates that the patient may be experiencing airway constriction, which is a medical emergency.

B. The patient reports feeling hot, and her face appears flushed: Flushing and a feeling of warmth can be early signs of an allergic reaction, but they are not specific to anaphylaxis. Other more severe symptoms would need to be present to diagnose anaphylaxis.

C. The patient states that she feels nauseated and has a headache: Nausea and headache are not typically associated with anaphylaxis. They may be side effects of the medication but are not indicative of an allergic reaction severe enough to cause anaphylaxis.

D. The patient complains of continued wakefulness and agitation: Continued wakefulness and agitation could be side effects of the sleeping pill but are not symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction. These symptoms do not require immediate emergency intervention like anaphylaxis would.

A. The patient takes 4 medications each day. B. The patient states that the medications are delivered by the local pharmacy. C. The patient is able to describe each medication and why it is being taken. D. The patient skips a dose of certain medications sometimes.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The patient takes 4 medications each day.
Taking multiple medications is common in geriatric patients and does not warrant immediate priority action unless there is evidence of polypharmacy or interactions.

B. The patient states that the medications are delivered by the local pharmacy.
This is a routine aspect of medication management and does not present an immediate concern.

C. The patient is able to describe each medication and why it is being taken.
This indicates that the patient is knowledgeable about their medications, which is positive and does not require immediate action.

D. The patient skips a dose of certain medications sometimes. Skipping doses can lead to subtherapeutic levels of medication, potentially worsening the patient's condition or leading to medication errors. This requires immediate attention to ensure proper adherence to the medication regimen.

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The LPN/LVN is aware that the bioavailability of a drug is based on multiple factors. Which factor(s) would be included? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Shortly after providing a new sleeping pill to a patient on the medical unit, the nurse answers the patient's call light. Which of the following findings would indicate to the nurse that the patient is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to the medication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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