The LPN/LVN is reinforcing education with an elderly patient diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension. Which topics would be vital for the nurse to emphasize? Select all that apply.

Monitor blood glucose levels.

Lifestyle modifications and medication adherence will not prevent blindness,

Lifestyle modifications can prevent strokes.

End organ damage is inevitable because of microvascular changes that occur.

Take medications as ordered.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A. Monitor blood glucose levels: Patients with diabetes need to keep their blood glucose levels under control to prevent complications, including those that can exacerbate hypertension or lead to cardiovascular problems.
B. Lifestyle modifications and medication adherence will not prevent blindness: This is incorrect. Proper management of diabetes through lifestyle changes and medication adherence can help prevent complications like diabetic retinopathy, which can lead to blindness.
C. Lifestyle modifications can prevent strokes: Effective management of diabetes and hypertension through lifestyle changes (diet, exercise, smoking cessation) can significantly reduce the risk of strokes and other cardiovascular events.
D. End organ damage is inevitable because of microvascular changes that occur: This is misleading. While microvascular changes are a risk in diabetes, proper management and lifestyle modifications can greatly reduce the risk and progression of end-organ damage.
E. Take medications as ordered: Adherence to prescribed medications is crucial for controlling both blood glucose and blood pressure, reducing the risk of complications such as stroke, heart disease, and kidney damage.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Dislocation injury: This refers to a joint being forced out of its normal position and is not related to strains.
B. Compression injury: This typically involves pressure that causes damage to a body part, such as crushing injuries, and does not describe a strain.
C. Muscle or tendon injury: A strain involves stretching or tearing of muscle or tendon fibers, making this the correct description of a strain.
D. Ligament injury: Injuries to ligaments are referred to as sprains, not strains.

A. I will be sure to avoid potassium while taking this medication. B. I should take the medication in the morning so I am not up all night going to the bathroom. C. I need to be sure to take this pill on an empty stomach. D. If my blood pressure is really high, I will take a second dose.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. I will be sure to avoid potassium while taking this medication.: Thiazide diuretics can cause potassium loss, so patients are often advised to monitor their potassium levels and may need to increase their intake, not avoid it.
B. I should take the medication in the morning so I am not up all night going to the bathroom.: This is correct. Taking diuretics in the morning helps prevent nocturia (frequent urination at night), which can disrupt sleep.
C. I need to be sure to take this pill on an empty stomach.: Thiazide-like diuretics do not require an empty stomach for effectiveness; they can be taken with or without food.
D. If my blood pressure is really high, I will take a second dose.: This is incorrect and potentially dangerous. Medication dosing should be followed as prescribed, and adjustments should only be made by a healthcare provider.

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The LPN/LVN is reinforcing education with an elderly patient diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension. Which topics would be vital for the nurse to emphasize? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which statement best describes a strain?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a patient about a thiazide-like diuretic. Which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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