The nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary changes with a patient newly diagnosed with hypertension. What should the nurse include in the teaching about a DASH diet? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

There should be 6-8 servings of grains daily.

Nuts, seeds, dry beans, and peas should be consumed daily.

Meat should be eliminated from the diet.

Dairy intake should be low-fat or fat-free.

Monounsaturated fats and oils are preferred.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

A. There should be 6-8 servings of grains daily: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet recommends 6-8 servings of grains, especially whole grains, each day to provide energy, fiber, and essential nutrients.
B. Nuts, seeds, dry beans, and peas should be consumed daily: While these foods are part of the DASH diet, they are not recommended for daily consumption. The diet typically suggests 4-5 servings per week.
C. Meat should be eliminated from the diet: The DASH diet does not require the elimination of meat. It recommends choosing lean meats and consuming them in moderation.
D. Dairy intake should be low-fat or fat-free: The DASH diet emphasizes low-fat or fat-free dairy products to reduce saturated fat intake and promote heart health.
E. Monounsaturated fats and oils are preferred: The DASH diet encourages the use of healthier fats, such as those from monounsaturated sources like olive oil, to help manage cholesterol levels and support cardiovascular health.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Smoking cessation is important because nicotine is a vasoconstrictor.": Buerger disease is strongly associated with tobacco use, and nicotine causes vasoconstriction, which exacerbates the condition. Smoking cessation is crucial in managing and preventing progression.
B. "Adequate fluid intake is important to maintain blood pressure.": While staying hydrated is generally important, it is not specifically related to the management of Buerger disease, which is more focused on vascular health and smoking cessation.
C. "Those most affected are middle-aged women after menopause.": Buerger disease predominantly affects young male smokers, not middle-aged women.
D. "A low-fat diet is required to reduce atherosclerosis in large arteries.": Buerger disease involves inflammation and thrombosis in small and medium-sized arteries and veins, not atherosclerosis in large arteries. Therefore, a low-fat diet, while beneficial for general cardiovascular health, is not specifically targeted for Buerger disease.

A. “Take off work for the rest of the day to rest at home." B. "Return to work and have your blood pressure rechecked in 2 days." C. "Take two doses of blood pressure medication right now." D. "Sit quietly while we call 911 to request an ambulance."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. “Take off work for the rest of the day to rest at home.": This advice is not adequate for such a high blood pressure reading, which indicates a hypertensive crisis that requires immediate medical intervention.
B. "Return to work and have your blood pressure rechecked in 2 days.": This is inappropriate as it delays necessary urgent medical evaluation and treatment.
C. "Take two doses of blood pressure medication right now.": Without medical supervision, this could be dangerous and is not appropriate in an emergency situation where the blood pressure is critically high.
D. "Sit quietly while we call 911 to request an ambulance.": A blood pressure of 220/120 mm Hg suggests a hypertensive emergency, which can lead to life-threatening complications like stroke or heart attack. The patient needs immediate medical attention, and calling 911 is the appropriate response.

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The nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary changes with a patient newly diagnosed with hypertension. What should the nurse include in the teaching about a DASH diet? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing teaching to a patient with Buerger disease. Which of the following statements by the patient would the nurse evaluate as indicating understanding about Buerger disease?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

During a health screening, a patient's blood pressure is confirmed by two clinic nurses to be 220/120 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to the patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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