The nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary changes with a patient newly diagnosed with hypertension. What should the nurse include in the teaching about a DASH diet? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

There should be 6-8 servings of grains daily.

Nuts, seeds, dry beans, and peas should be consumed daily.

Meat should be eliminated from the diet.

Dairy intake should be low-fat or fat-free.

Monounsaturated fats and oils are preferred.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

A. There should be 6-8 servings of grains daily: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet recommends 6-8 servings of grains, especially whole grains, each day to provide energy, fiber, and essential nutrients.
B. Nuts, seeds, dry beans, and peas should be consumed daily: While these foods are part of the DASH diet, they are not recommended for daily consumption. The diet typically suggests 4-5 servings per week.
C. Meat should be eliminated from the diet: The DASH diet does not require the elimination of meat. It recommends choosing lean meats and consuming them in moderation.
D. Dairy intake should be low-fat or fat-free: The DASH diet emphasizes low-fat or fat-free dairy products to reduce saturated fat intake and promote heart health.
E. Monounsaturated fats and oils are preferred: The DASH diet encourages the use of healthier fats, such as those from monounsaturated sources like olive oil, to help manage cholesterol levels and support cardiovascular health.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Greenstick: This type of fracture typically occurs in children where the bone bends and cracks, rather than breaking completely. It is not related to bone tumors.
B. Stress: Stress fractures are small cracks in the bone typically due to repetitive force or overuse, not due to underlying conditions like bone tumors.
C. Avulsion: This occurs when a fragment of bone is pulled away by a tendon or ligament due to a forceful contraction or injury, and is not typically associated with bone tumors.
D. Pathological: Pathological fractures occur in bones weakened by disease, such as bone tumors. These fractures happen with minimal or no trauma because the bone integrity is compromised by the tumor.

A. I will be sure to avoid potassium while taking this medication. B. I should take the medication in the morning so I am not up all night going to the bathroom. C. I need to be sure to take this pill on an empty stomach. D. If my blood pressure is really high, I will take a second dose.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. I will be sure to avoid potassium while taking this medication.: Thiazide diuretics can cause potassium loss, so patients are often advised to monitor their potassium levels and may need to increase their intake, not avoid it.
B. I should take the medication in the morning so I am not up all night going to the bathroom.: This is correct. Taking diuretics in the morning helps prevent nocturia (frequent urination at night), which can disrupt sleep.
C. I need to be sure to take this pill on an empty stomach.: Thiazide-like diuretics do not require an empty stomach for effectiveness; they can be taken with or without food.
D. If my blood pressure is really high, I will take a second dose.: This is incorrect and potentially dangerous. Medication dosing should be followed as prescribed, and adjustments should only be made by a healthcare provider.

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The nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary changes with a patient newly diagnosed with hypertension. What should the nurse include in the teaching about a DASH diet? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with a tumor of the bone who experiences a fracture. Which type of break is anticipated?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a patient about a thiazide-like diuretic. Which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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