The LPN/LVP is discussing types of hypertension with a patient. Which statement by the patient would reflect understanding of secondary hypertension?

"Permanent structural changes in my kidneys and eyes have already occurred."

"My blood pressure can return to normal with treatment of my kidney disease."

"I don't know the cause of my hypertension."

"My essential hypertension must be treated with medications."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Permanent structural changes in my kidneys and eyes have already occurred.": This statement is more indicative of the complications of chronic, uncontrolled hypertension, whether primary or secondary. It does not reflect understanding that secondary hypertension is due to a specific, often treatable cause.
B. "My blood pressure can return to normal with treatment of my kidney disease.": This statement correctly reflects an understanding of secondary hypertension, which is caused by an underlying condition (like kidney disease). Treating the underlying condition can potentially normalize blood pressure.
C. "I don't know the cause of my hypertension.": This statement reflects primary (essential) hypertension, where the cause is generally unknown.
D. "My essential hypertension must be treated with medications.": This statement describes essential hypertension, not secondary. Essential hypertension typically requires lifelong medication management.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Provide names of support groups: While support groups can offer emotional and educational support, they do not address the immediate financial barrier to obtaining necessary medications.
B. Schedule an annual physical examination: Regular check-ups are important, but they do not directly address the issue of medication affordability and access to care.
C. Refer the patient to a free clinic: Free clinics often provide low-cost or no-cost medications and healthcare services, which can help the patient access the necessary treatments and follow-up care.
D. Refer the patient for financial assistance: Financial assistance programs can be helpful, but they might take time to apply and be approved. Immediate referral to a free clinic can provide more immediate support.

A. Place three pillows between the legs, one distal and three proximal. B. Side-lying position is permitted with a pillow between the legs. C. Sitting in a bedside chair is permitted if the legs are elevated. D. A triangular pillow is used between the legs to avoid adduction.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Place three pillows between the legs, one distal and three proximal: This is incorrect and excessive. Using three pillows in this manner can lead to improper leg positioning and discomfort.
B. Side-lying position is permitted with a pillow between the legs: While side-lying is allowed, the pillow is to prevent adduction of the legs, not just any pillow placement. It must specifically keep the hips aligned.
C. Sitting in a bedside chair is permitted if the legs are elevated: While sitting is often encouraged, elevating the legs too high can risk hip dislocation or improper alignment. The patient should sit in a way that maintains proper hip angles and alignment.
D. A triangular pillow is used between the legs to avoid adduction: A triangular or abduction pillow helps keep the legs in an appropriate position, preventing the legs from crossing and reducing the risk of hip dislocation post-surgery.

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The LPN/LVP is discussing types of hypertension with a patient. Which statement by the patient would reflect understanding of secondary hypertension?

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