The nurse assisting with Phase 1 drug studies is talking with a woman who asks, "Why can't I participate in this study?" What would be the nurse's best response?
Women are more prone to adverse effects from medications.
Drugs pose a greater risk to women of reproductive age.
Drugs affect women differently than they affect men.
Drugs are tested only on men because they are stronger.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
It is not correct to say that women are more prone to adverse effects from medications than men. Adverse effects can vary based on individual responses, and gender is not the sole determinant.
Choice B rationale
Women of reproductive age are often excluded from early-phase drug trials due to the potential risks that experimental drugs could pose to developing fetuses. The reproductive risk needs to be carefully managed to avoid harm.
Choice C rationale
While it is true that drugs can affect women differently than men, this answer does not directly address the specific reason why women are excluded from Phase 1 studies, which is primarily due to the potential risks to reproductive health.
Choice D rationale
This is incorrect because drugs are not tested only on men because they are stronger. This statement is not scientifically accurate and does not reflect the principles of clinical trial design.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Sumatriptan does not cause vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels. Instead, it has vasoconstrictive properties.
Choice B rationale
Sumatriptan does not depress pain response in the central nervous system. Its primary action is on the cranial blood vessels.
Choice C rationale
Sumatriptan is a selective serotonin receptor agonist that causes vasoconstriction of cranial blood vessels, relieving migraine headaches.
Choice D rationale
Sumatriptan does not bind to acetylcholine receptors or prevent nerve transmission. It specifically targets serotonin receptors in cranial blood vessels.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A patient 3 days after surgery may still require higher doses of opioids for pain management, but the duration and intensity of postoperative pain typically decrease over time. This patient may not necessarily require a higher-than-expected dose compared to others.
Choice B rationale
Patients with cancer often experience severe and chronic pain due to the disease itself or its treatments. These patients may develop tolerance to opioids over time, necessitating higher-than-expected doses to achieve adequate pain relief.
Choice C rationale
Hypotension is a contraindication for high doses of opioids, as opioids can cause further blood pressure reduction. This patient would require careful dose adjustment to avoid exacerbating hypotension.
Choice D rationale
Patients with a concussion are at risk of altered mental status and respiratory depression from opioids. Therefore, higher doses are generally avoided to prevent worsening of these conditions.
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