The nurse is preparing to care for a patient who has myasthenia gravis.
The nurse will be alert to symptoms affecting which body system in the patient?
Gastrointestinal (GI) and lower extremity muscles.
Central nervous system (CNS), memory, and cognition.
Respiratory and facial muscles.
Cardiovascular system and postural muscles.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Myasthenia gravis primarily affects voluntary muscles, especially those involved in breathing and facial movements. Gastrointestinal (GI) and lower extremity muscles are generally not the main muscles affected by this condition. It is an autoimmune disorder that impacts the neuromuscular junction, where nerves communicate with muscles, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue.
Choice B rationale
The central nervous system (CNS), memory, and cognition are not typically impacted by myasthenia gravis. This disorder primarily involves peripheral nervous system issues that affect voluntary muscle control rather than cognitive functions. Myasthenia gravis does not cause alterations in memory or cognition as seen with central nervous system disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
Choice C rationale
Myasthenia gravis notably affects respiratory and facial muscles. The autoimmune attack on acetylcholine receptors leads to muscle weakness, particularly in muscles controlling eye movements, facial expressions, and breathing. Patients may experience difficulty breathing, swallowing, and maintaining an open airway due to this muscle weakness.
Choice D rationale
The cardiovascular system and postural muscles are not commonly affected by myasthenia gravis. This condition involves the neuromuscular junction and leads to fatigue in voluntary muscles, primarily those involved in eye movement, facial expressions, and respiration. Cardiovascular symptoms are not a direct consequence of myasthenia gravis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
ACE inhibitors can cause teratogenic effects, meaning they can harm a developing fetus. Therefore, precautions should be taken to avoid pregnancy while taking these drugs.
Choice B rationale
Spermicidal jellies alone are not a highly reliable form of contraception. For women taking ACE inhibitors, a more reliable method of contraception is recommended to prevent pregnancy.
Choice C rationale
The minipill, a progestin-only contraceptive, is not the contraceptive of choice when the risk of teratogenic effects from ACE inhibitors is considered. Barrier methods are preferred to avoid potential drug interactions.
Choice D rationale
Barrier contraception, such as condoms or diaphragms, is recommended for women taking ACE inhibitors to prevent pregnancy due to the teratogenic risk associated with these drugs.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Peripheral edema is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure rather than left-sided. This is because right-sided heart failure leads to systemic venous congestion, causing fluid to accumulate in the peripheral tissues, particularly in the legs and ankles.
Choice B rationale
Pulmonary edema is a major concern in left-sided heart failure due to the inability of the left ventricle to effectively pump blood out to the systemic circulation. This results in blood backing up into the pulmonary veins, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
Choice C rationale
Liver edema, or hepatomegaly, is more typically seen in right-sided heart failure, where the failure of the right ventricle causes blood to back up into the systemic circulation, affecting the liver and other organs.
Choice D rationale
Abdominal edema, or ascites, is also more associated with right-sided heart failure. This condition occurs due to increased pressure in the veins and capillaries, leading to fluid leakage into the abdominal cavity.
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