The nurse cares for a client who sustained a femur fracture twelve hours ago.
Client reports shortness of breath and stated, 'something is not right.' The client was assessed to have a respiratory rate of 25/min and oxygen saturation of 90% while on room air.
Lung sounds had bilateral crackles throughout, and respirations were labored. Chest pain was reported that worsened with breathing. An emergent 12-lead electrocardiogram was obtained, and it was observed that the client had reddish-purple spots on their torso. A rapid response was called.
he client is demonstrating signs and symptoms of ?
pulmonary embolism
myocardial infarction
fat embolism syndrome
compartment syndrome
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale: Pulmonary embolism would cause chest pain, dyspnea, and hemoptysis, but not petechiae or neurological changes.
Choice B rationale: While chest pain might be associated with myocardial infarction, the combination of symptoms aligns more with a pulmonary embolism.
Choice C rationale: Fat embolism syndrome occurs when fat globules from the bone marrow enter the bloodstream and travel to the lungs, brain, or other organs. This can
cause respiratory distress, neurological impairment, petechiae (reddish-purple spots on the skin), and cardiac dysfunction.
Choice D rationale: Compartment syndrome doesn't typically manifest with respiratory symptoms or reddish-purple spots.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale: This is a possible sign of TBI but is not necessarily indicative of a life- threatening condition.
Choice B rationale: This is a possible sign of TBI but is not necessarily indicative of a life- threatening condition.
Choice C rationale: This is a possible sign of TBI but is not necessarily indicative of a life- threatening condition.
Choice D rationale: Serosanguineous nasal drainage (a mixture of blood and clear fluid) may suggest a basilar skull fracture, which is a fracture of the base of the skull that can damage vital structures such as the brainstem, cranial nerves, or major blood vessels. This can lead to serious complications such as meningitis, cerebrospinal fluid leak, or hemorrhage.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale: These lab findings, particularly concentrated urine (high specific gravity) and hyponatremia, are consistent with SIADH, where excessive ADH secretion leads to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia.
Choice B rationale: While it can affect sodium levels, Cushing's syndrome typically results in hypernatremia or normal sodium levels rather than hyponatremia.
Choice C rationale: Usually presents with hyponatremia but not specifically with high urine specific gravity or hematocrit.
Choice D rationale: DI is associated with high serum sodium and low urine specific gravity due to excessive excretion of dilute urine.
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