The nurse devices a teaching plan for the patient with aplastic anemia. Which of the following is the most important concept to teach for health maintenance?

Get 8 hours of sleep at night and take naps during the day

Practice yoga and meditation to decrease stress and anxiety

Eat animal protein and dark leafy vegetables each day

Avoid exposure to others with acute infection

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Get 8 hours of sleep at night and take naps during the day:

While adequate sleep is generally important for overall health, it may not be the most critical factor for a patient with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia primarily affects blood cell production, and managing infection risk and blood counts are more crucial in this context.

B. Practice yoga and meditation to decrease stress and anxiety:

Stress reduction techniques, such as yoga and meditation, can be beneficial for anyone's overall well-being, but it's not the top priority for someone with aplastic anemia. Managing stress is essential, but again, reducing the risk of infections and maintaining adequate blood counts are more critical.

C. Eat animal protein and dark leafy vegetables each day:

Proper nutrition is essential for patients with aplastic anemia, as it can help support the production of red blood cells and maintain overall health. However, while a balanced diet is important, avoiding infections and minimizing exposure to contagions is more pressing.

D. Avoid exposure to others with acute infection:

This is the most crucial concept for patients with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia leads to a weakened immune system, making the patient highly susceptible to infections. Exposure to individuals with acute infections can be life-threatening for these patients. Preventing infections and maintaining adequate blood counts are paramount in the care of individuals with aplastic anemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Thrombocytopenia: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, and it is not a typical feature of iron-deficiency anemia.

B. Increased Total Iron-binding Capacity: In iron-deficiency anemia, the Total Iron-binding Capacity (TIBC) is typically increased as the body attempts to compensate for the low iron levels by increasing its capacity to bind and transport iron.

C. Decreased Folate Levels: While iron-deficiency anemia and folate-deficiency anemia are both forms of anemia, decreased folate levels are more characteristic of folate-deficiency anemia, which is a separate condition.

D. Microcytic Red Blood Cells.

Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by a decrease in the body's iron stores, which in turn affects the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells. This results in the formation of microcytic (smaller than normal) red blood cells. These smaller red blood cells are a typical finding in iron-deficiency anemia.

A. Alertness as such weight loss is not expected B. Reassurance as this is a normal weight loss C. Alarm as this is a drastic weight loss D. Concern as this may be an indicator of inadequate nutrition

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Alertness as such weight loss is not expected: This response may unnecessarily alarm the mother when, in fact, some weight loss in the early days is normal.

B. Reassurance as this is a normal weight loss.

It is normal for newborns to lose some weight during the first few days of life. The loss is often related to fluid loss, changes in feeding patterns, and initial adjustment to life outside the womb. A loss of one-half pound in a 2-day-old neonate is generally considered within the normal range. It's important for the nurse to reassure the new mother that this weight loss is expected and not a cause for alarm. Newborns typically start to regain their birth weight within a week or two. This reassurance can help ease the mother's distress and anxiety.

C. Alarm as this is a drastic weight loss: Characterizing this weight loss as "drastic" is not accurate or helpful and would likely increase the mother's anxiety.

D. Concern as this may be an indicator of inadequate nutrition: Jumping to the conclusion of inadequate nutrition without further assessment and evidence is premature and may unnecessarily worry the mother. It's important to start with reassurance and then investigate if there are concerns about nutrition.

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The nurse devices a teaching plan for the patient with aplastic anemia. Which of the following is the most important concept to teach for health maintenance?

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Explanation

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