The nurse discovers a patient receiving warfarin is bleeding.
What drug would the nurse prepare to counteract this drug?
Vitamin E.
Protamine Sulfate.
Calcium Gluconate.
Vitamin K.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Vitamin E is an antioxidant and is not indicated to counteract the effects of warfarin. It does not have a role in reversing anticoagulation or managing bleeding. High doses of Vitamin E can actually interfere with clotting and potentially exacerbate bleeding.
Choice B rationale
Protamine Sulfate is an antidote for heparin, not warfarin. It works by neutralizing the effects of heparin, which is an anticoagulant that acts quickly to prevent clot formation. Warfarin works differently and requires a different antidote for its anticoagulant effect.
Choice C rationale
Calcium Gluconate is not an antidote for warfarin. It is typically used in cases of hypocalcemia and can stabilize cardiac membranes in hyperkalemia but has no effect on reversing warfarin-induced anticoagulation or bleeding.
Choice D rationale
Vitamin K is the correct antidote for warfarin. It counteracts the anticoagulant effects by promoting the synthesis of clotting factors that warfarin inhibits. Administering Vitamin K is standard practice in reversing the effects of warfarin and managing bleeding complications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Serotonin does not compete with anticholinergic agents at muscarinic acetylcholine receptor sites; anticholinergics target these receptors to inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system.
Choice B rationale
Anticholinergics do not increase norepinephrine at the neuromuscular junction.
Choice C rationale
Nicotinic receptors are primarily affected by different classes of drugs, such as neuromuscular blockers.
Choice D rationale
Anticholinergics inhibit the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system by blocking muscarinic receptors, reducing bodily functions like saliva production, digestion, and urination.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Constipation can be a side effect of Parkinson's disease and dopaminergic medications, but it is not a primary safety concern compared to the risk of injury.
Choice B rationale
Risk for injuries related to cardiovascular effects and peripheral vascular disease is a concern, but the risk of orthostatic hypotension presents a more immediate danger for falls.
Choice C rationale
Parkinson's disease and its treatments can cause orthostatic hypotension, significantly increasing the risk of falls and injury. This risk needs to be carefully managed in the patient's care plan.
Choice D rationale
Diarrhea is not commonly associated with Parkinson's disease or its treatments. Constipation is more prevalent due to both the disease and dopaminergic medication effects.
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