What assessment finding would indicate the patient's left-sided heart failure is worsening?

Choice A rationale

Unstable angina is characterized by sudden, severe chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion and is not relieved by nitroglycerin. It represents an imminent risk of myocardial infarction.

Choice B rationale

Ischemic heart disease can cause various types of angina, including stable, unstable, and Prinzmetal’s angina. The term “ischemic” refers to a lack of blood flow to the heart muscle, but this choice is too broad.

Choice C rationale

Stable angina occurs when there is an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand, typically during physical exertion or emotional stress. It is characterized by predictable chest pain that is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.

Choice D rationale

Prinzmetal’s angina, also known as variant angina, is caused by a spasm in the coronary arteries, which leads to a temporary reduction in blood flow. It can occur at rest and is not necessarily related to the imbalance of myocardial supply and demand.

Choice A rationale

While nicotine use is a health concern, it does not directly relate to the safety of atorvastatin (Lipitor). However, smoking cessation is advisable for overall cardiovascular health.

Choice B rationale

Caffeine intake is not a primary concern related to the safety of atorvastatin. Monitoring other lifestyle factors like diet and exercise is more relevant.

Choice C rationale

Herbal therapy may interact with atorvastatin, but the primary safety concern is alcohol intake, which can increase the risk of liver damage when combined with atorvastatin.

Choice D rationale

Alcohol consumption is a significant concern when taking atorvastatin, as it can increase the risk of liver damage. Patients are advised to limit alcohol intake to prevent adverse effects. .