The nurse identifies that which of the following clients is at risk for developing metabolic acidosis? (Select All That Apply)

The client who takes medications for occasional anxiety

The client admitted with a mild pleural effusion

The client who has had diarrhea for the past 48 hours

The client admitted with an acute renal injury

The client admitted for treatment of asthmatic bronchitis

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A. The client who takes medications for occasional anxiety: Anxiety medications are not typically associated with metabolic acidosis.
B. The client admitted with a mild pleural effusion: A mild pleural effusion is more related to fluid accumulation and respiratory issues rather than metabolic acidosis.
C. The client who has had diarrhea for the past 48 hours: Prolonged diarrhea can lead to loss of bicarbonate, resulting in metabolic acidosis.
D. The client admitted with an acute renal injury: Acute renal injury impairs the kidneys' ability to excrete acids and can lead to metabolic acidosis.
E. The client admitted for treatment of asthmatic bronchitis: Asthmatic bronchitis typically involves respiratory issues rather than metabolic acidosis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Serum glucose and a Complete Blood Count: While a complete blood count (CBC) is useful in assessing overall health, serum glucose is less relevant in the context of renal disease. The focus should be on kidney function rather than glucose levels.
B. Arterial blood gas and coagulation tests: Arterial blood gas (ABG) and coagulation tests may be important for other conditions, but they are not specifically targeted to evaluate renal function or related preoperative risks in renal disease.
C. Serum creatinine and a Basic Metabolic Panel: This is the correct choice as serum creatinine is a key marker of kidney function, and a Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) provides information on electrolyte levels and overall metabolic status, which are crucial in evaluating the impact of renal disease on surgery.
D. Chest X-ray and cardiac enzymes: These tests are more relevant for evaluating cardiac function and lung status rather than directly assessing kidney function, which is the primary concern in the context of renal disease.

A. Blood in the tubing close to the insertion site B. Chills, fever, and generalized discomfort C. Pallor, sweating, and discomfort at the insertion site D. Dyspnea, headache, and increased blood pressure

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Blood in the tubing close to the insertion site: This indicates a possible issue with the IV but not fluid overload specifically.
B. Chills, fever, and generalized discomfort: These symptoms may suggest an infection or reaction but are not specific to fluid overload.
C. Pallor, sweating, and discomfort at the insertion site: These could indicate a local reaction or issue with the IV site but not fluid overload.
D. Dyspnea, headache, and increased blood pressure: These symptoms are indicative of fluid overload, as the body reacts to excessive fluid with symptoms such as difficulty breathing (dyspnea), increased blood pressure, and headaches.

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The nurse identifies that which of the following clients is at risk for developing metabolic acidosis? (Select All That Apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a preoperative review of systems, the client reveals a history of renal disease. This finding suggests the need for which relevant preoperative diagnostic tests?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving IV fluid. Which clinical findings indicate that the client has fluid overload?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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