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The nurse in a clinic is reviewing laboratory results for a patient suspected of having undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. Which of the following results would be diagnostic for diabetes?

A.

Hemoglobin A1C (glycosylated hemoglobin) of 7.2

B.

Fasting plasma glucose of 98 mg/dl

C.

Two-hour plasma glucose of 140 mg/dl.

D.

Random plasma glucose of 110 mg/dl

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hemoglobin A1C of 7.2 is diagnostic for diabetes. An A1C of 6.5% or higher is diagnostic for diabetes, as it reflects the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months.  
B. Fasting plasma glucose of 98 mg/dl is within the normal range (70-99 mg/dl). A fasting plasma glucose of 126 mg/dl or higher is diagnostic for diabetes.  
C. Two-hour plasma glucose of 140 mg/dl is within the normal range (less than 140 mg/dl after a glucose tolerance test). A two-hour plasma glucose of 200 mg/dl or higher is diagnostic for diabetes.  
D. Random plasma glucose of 110 mg/dl is within the normal range. A random plasma glucose of 200 mg/dl or higher, along with symptoms of hyperglycemia, would be diagnostic for diabetes.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is ["125"]

Explanation

  • Determine the infusion time: The total dose is 40 mEq, and it's being infused at a rate of 10 mEq/hr.
  • Therefore, the total infusion time is 40 mEq / 10 mEq/hr = 4 hours.
  • Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr: The total volume is 500 mL, and the infusion time is 4 hours.
  • So, the infusion rate is 500 mL / 4 hours = 125 mL/hr.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Administering a hypotonic solution would not be appropriate in this case. Hypotonic solutions can lower the blood pressure further and worsen the patient’s condition.
B. Administering a vasoconstrictor medication may increase blood pressure, but it is not the first-line treatment for dehydration or volume loss, which seems to be the cause of the patient’s symptoms.
C. Administering an isotonic solution intravenously is the most appropriate intervention. The patient is likely experiencing dehydration and hypotension due to fluid loss from exertion in the sun (possibly heat exhaustion). Isotonic fluids such as normal saline or lactated Ringer's solution are typically used to restore circulating volume and improve blood pressure.
D. Administering a hypertonic solution would be inappropriate, as it could increase the osmolarity of the blood and worsen dehydration, potentially causing fluid shifts that could lead to complications such as cellular dehydration.

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