The nurse is witnessing a surgeon and patient during the informed consent process in preparation for surgery. The client is Spanish-speaking, and the surgeon is providing instructions in English. The patient's son is fluent in Spanish and is translating, and the patient appears to be receptive. What action should the nurse take?

Have the son verify that the patient understands the risks and benefits of the procedure by repeating them back to him.

Explain to the provider, patient, and family that you will contact the hospital translator before continuing.

Offer to help clarify any questions the client may have, using the son to translate.

Ensure that both the provider, client, and son have all signed the consent form.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. While having the son verify understanding may seem appropriate, using a family member as a translator is not acceptable for informed consent due to the potential for miscommunication or bias.
B. Contacting the hospital translator ensures accurate and professional communication. A certified translator is required for legal and ethical reasons to ensure the patient fully understands the procedure, risks, and benefits.
C. Using the son to clarify questions may lead to inaccuracies or incomplete understanding. Professional translation services must be utilized in medical settings.
D. The son does not need to sign the consent form. The provider must ensure the patient understands the procedure, and the consent form is signed by the patient or their legal representative after professional translation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This describes a transverse fracture, where the bone breaks completely across and perpendicular to the shaft. It does not describe a greenstick fracture.
B. A spiral fracture is caused by a twisting force, which results in a helical break. This is not a greenstick fracture.
C. A greenstick fracture occurs when the bone bends and cracks on the outer arc but does not break completely through. This type of fracture is more common in children because their bones are softer and more flexible.
D. This describes a comminuted fracture, where the bone breaks into several pieces. It does not match the description of a greenstick fracture.

A. Flushed skin B. Confusion C. Extreme thirst D. Fever

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Flushed skin is typically associated with fever or infection, not with hyponatremia (low sodium levels).
B. Confusion is a common symptom of hyponatremia, especially when sodium levels drop significantly. The low sodium level affects brain function, leading to confusion, altered mental status, and even seizures in severe cases.
C. Extreme thirst is more commonly seen in hypernatremia (high sodium levels) as the body attempts to correct the imbalance by stimulating thirst.
D. Fever is not a direct consequence of hyponatremia but could be associated with an underlying infection or other conditions.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a pediatric client who experienced a "greenstick" fracture. The client's mother asks the nurse what it means to have this type of fracture. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has a sodium level of 116 mEq/L. Which of the following adverse findings would the nurse anticipate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Which of the following is a potential complication for a client whose potassium level is 6.5 mEq/L?

The nurse is caring for a client with external fixation of the tibia. Which of the following would the nurse include in the plan of care?

Which of the following statements regarding hypertonic (3%) sodium chloride is correct?

Which of the following actions is inappropriate when implementing precautions in a client with hyponatremia?

The nurse in a clinic is reviewing laboratory results for a patient suspected of having undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. Which of the following results would be diagnostic for diabetes?

A nurse is monitoring a client receiving an infusion of IV magnesium sulfate. Which of the following findings would indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing hypermagnesemia?

A nurse is caring for a client who had IV fluids initiated at 0330. The IV fluids are infusing at 120 mL/hr. The nurse should record how many mL of IV fluids on the intake record at 0600?