The nurse instructor is reviewing the integumentary system during a presentation to a group of student nurses. Which statement made by the instructor is the most accurate regarding the integumentary system?
“The sebaceous and sweat glands are fully functional in the infant.”
“The integumentary system is not in place until after the child is born and then takes many years to mature.”
“The largest organ of the body helps regulate body temperature.”
“One role of the integumentary system is to distribute oxygen to the body cells.”
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Infant sebaceous and sweat glands are not fully functional, developing postnatally. The skin’s role in temperature regulation is accurate, making this incorrect, as it misstates infant integumentary function in the instructor’s presentation to student nurses on the system’s role.
Choice B reason: The integumentary system is present at birth, though maturing over time, not absent until after birth. Temperature regulation is a key function, making this incorrect, as it exaggerates the system’s developmental timeline in the instructor’s presentation on the integumentary system.
Choice C reason: The skin, the body’s largest organ, regulates temperature through sweating and vasodilation, a primary integumentary function. This aligns with physiological principles, making it the most accurate statement for the instructor to present to student nurses about the integumentary system’s role.
Choice D reason: Oxygen distribution is a respiratory and circulatory function, not integumentary. The skin’s temperature regulation is correct, making this incorrect, as it misattributes a role to the integumentary system in the instructor’s presentation to student nurses on its physiological functions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Rheumatic fever follows streptococcal infection but typically presents with joint pain, carditis, or rash, not puffy eyes or abnormal urine. Glomerulonephritis better matches the symptoms post-infection, making this incorrect for the suspected condition based on the child’s presentation and history.
Choice B reason: Lipoid nephrosis causes edema and proteinuria but is not typically linked to recent infections or hematuria. Acute glomerulonephritis, often post-streptococcal, explains puffy eyes and abnormal urine, making this less fitting and incorrect for the child’s symptoms following ear infections.
Choice C reason: Urinary tract infections cause dysuria or frequency, not puffy eyes or hematuria post-infection. Acute glomerulonephritis aligns with the history of ear infections (possible streptococcal link) and symptoms, making this incorrect for the suspected condition in this child with these signs.
Choice D reason: Acute glomerulonephritis, often post-streptococcal (e.g., after ear infections), causes hematuria (“funny” urine), periorbital edema (puffy eyes), and headache. This aligns with pediatric nephrology evidence, making it the correct condition the nurse suspects based on the child’s symptoms and medical history.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Vitamin E is not typically deficient in evaporated milk formulas, and supplementation is not standard. Vitamin D is critical to prevent rickets in infants, making this incorrect, as it does not address the primary nutritional gap in homemade evaporated milk formulas for an 8-month-old.
Choice B reason: Evaporated milk lacks sufficient vitamin D, essential for calcium absorption and bone health in an 8-month-old. Ensuring vitamin D supplementation prevents rickets, aligning with pediatric nutrition guidelines, making it the correct ingredient to include in the infant’s homemade formula diet.
Choice C reason: Iron is important but less critical in evaporated milk, which retains some iron, and infants have stores until 6 months. Vitamin D is the primary deficiency, making this incorrect compared to addressing the urgent need for vitamin D in the 8-month-old’s formula.
Choice D reason: Evaporated milk contains adequate calcium, unlike vitamin D, which is deficient and critical for bone development. Ensuring vitamin D inclusion is prioritized, making this incorrect, as calcium supplementation is not the primary concern in the infant’s evaporated milk formula diet.
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