The nurse is preparing a presentation depicting the various ways pathogens are spread around. The nurse will illustrate that pathogens passed around via insects is referred to as which mechanism?

Choice A reason: Stating vegetarian diets are unhealthy and teens are too immature dismisses the viability of well-planned vegetarianism, which can meet nutritional needs. Emphasizing diverse plant-based foods ensures balanced nutrition, making this overly restrictive and incorrect for addressing the parent’s concern about the adolescent’s vegetarian diet.

Choice B reason: Requiring lacto-ovo vegetarianism assumes eggs and dairy are essential, but vegan diets with soy substitutes can suffice. Recommending whole grains, legumes, and nuts addresses broader nutrient needs, making this less inclusive and incorrect compared to supporting a flexible, balanced vegetarian diet for the teen.

Choice C reason: Vegetarian diets, when including whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, and soy substitutes, provide adequate protein, vitamins, and minerals for teens. This response reassures the parent while offering practical guidance, aligning with pediatric nutrition guidelines, making it the prioritized choice for ensuring proper nutrition on a vegetarian diet.

Choice D reason: Suggesting protein drinks and megavitamins implies vegetarian diets are inherently deficient, which is unnecessary with proper food choices. Whole grains and legumes meet nutritional needs naturally, making this overly reliant on supplements and incorrect compared to promoting a balanced vegetarian diet for the adolescent.

Choice A reason: Offering small portions (1-2 teaspoons) reduces overwhelm for a picky eater, encouraging trying new foods without pressure. This aligns with pediatric nutrition strategies for toddlers, minimizing mealtime stress, making it a correct pointer for the father to implement effectively for his 2-year-old.

Choice B reason: Avoiding sweets as rewards prevents reinforcing unhealthy eating habits and reduces mealtime battles. This promotes intrinsic motivation for eating, aligning with pediatric feeding guidelines, making it a correct strategy to minimize stress for a 2-year-old picky eater during meals with the family.

Choice C reason: Feeding the toddler before the family may disrupt social eating and does not address picky eating directly. Small portions and avoiding rewards are more effective, making this incorrect, as it does not minimize stress or encourage healthy mealtime behaviors in toddlers in a family setting.

Choice D reason: Food jags (preferring one food) are normal in toddlers and should be accommodated, not resisted, to avoid stress. Forcing variety escalates conflicts, making this incorrect compared to strategies like small portions that reduce mealtime tension for picky eaters in early childhood.

Choice E reason: Limiting mealtime to 20 minutes prevents prolonged battles, reducing stress for a picky eater. Short meals respect the toddler’s attention span, aligning with pediatric feeding recommendations, making it a correct pointer to help the father manage mealtime effectively for his 2-year-old child.