The nurse is discussing types of treatment used when working with children who have orthopedic disorders. Which form of treatment covers the lower part of the body, usually from the waist down, and either one or both legs while leaving the feet open?

External fixation device

Stockinette

Internal fixation device

Spica cast

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: External fixation devices use pins and frames to stabilize bones externally, not covering the body like a cast. A spica cast encases the lower body, leaving feet open, making this incorrect for the treatment described in pediatric orthopedic care for lower body immobilization in children.

Choice B reason: Stockinette is a soft fabric used under casts for comfort, not a treatment covering the body. A spica cast fits the description of encasing the waist and legs, leaving feet open, making this incorrect for the specific orthopedic treatment discussed for children with disorders.

Choice C reason: Internal fixation devices, like plates or screws, are surgical implants, not external body coverings. A spica cast matches the description of covering the lower body with open feet, making this incorrect for the treatment used in pediatric orthopedic disorders requiring immobilization.

Choice D reason: A spica cast covers the lower body from the waist down, including one or both legs, while leaving the feet open, used for pediatric orthopedic conditions like hip dysplasia. This aligns with treatment descriptions, making it the correct choice for the question about orthopedic care.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The vastus lateralis is the preferred site for IM injections in infants, as it is well-developed, has minimal nerves and vessels, and accommodates safe volumes. This aligns with pediatric nursing injection guidelines, making it the best choice for a 3-month-old receiving an antibiotic intramuscularly.

Choice B reason: The deltoid muscle is underdeveloped in a 3-month-old, with insufficient muscle mass for safe IM injections. The vastus lateralis is safer and more developed, making this incorrect, as the deltoid risks injury or inadequate drug absorption in infants receiving intramuscular injections.

Choice C reason: The dorsogluteal muscle is avoided in infants due to proximity to the sciatic nerve and underdeveloped gluteal mass, risking nerve damage. The vastus lateralis is safer, making this incorrect for a 3-month-old, as it poses significant safety concerns for IM antibiotic injections.

Choice D reason: The ventrogluteal muscle is safe in older children but less accessible in infants due to small muscle mass and positioning challenges. The vastus lateralis is preferred for its accessibility and safety, making this incorrect for a 3-month-old’s IM antibiotic injection in clinical practice.

A. “Sterilize a pair of narrow tweezers. While someone else holds the child’s head still, carefully insert the tweezers and remove the paper if there is any.” B. “Wait for a day or two to see if the child’s ears seem irritated. If they do, bring her in.” C. “The child should be seen by a care provider. Don’t put anything in her ear and bring her in right away.” D. “Wash her ear out using warm water and an ear syringe then the paper will flush out with the water.”

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Using tweezers risks ear canal injury or pushing paper deeper in a 2-year-old, potentially causing trauma. Professional evaluation ensures safe removal, making this dangerous and incorrect compared to advising immediate medical attention to address the potential foreign object in the child’s ear safely.

Choice B reason: Delaying care for irritation risks complications like infection or eardrum damage from a foreign object in a 2-year-old. Immediate provider assessment is safer, making this inadequate and incorrect compared to prioritizing prompt medical evaluation for the child’s potential ear issue.

Choice C reason: Immediate care provider evaluation ensures safe removal of any paper, preventing ear damage or infection in a 2-year-old. Advising against inserting objects protects the child, aligning with pediatric safety protocols, making this the correct response to address the caregiver’s concern effectively.

Choice D reason: Washing the ear with a syringe may push paper deeper or injure a 2-year-old’s delicate ear canal. Professional intervention is needed, making this risky and incorrect compared to seeking immediate medical evaluation to safely address the potential foreign object in the child’s ear.

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The nurse is discussing types of treatment used when working with children who have orthopedic disorders. Which form of treatment covers the lower part of the body, usually from the waist down, and either one or both legs while leaving the feet open?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is administering an intramuscular injection of an antibiotic to a 3-month-old infant. Which would be the best site for the nurse to give this medication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The caregiver of a 2-year-old calls the clinic concerned that her child may have pushed paper into her ears, and she asks the nurse what to do. The mother found the child pushing on her ears with torn paper on the floor in front of her. What would be the appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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