The nurse is assessing a client and find their right leg is shortened, adducted and externally rotated. These assessment findings would indicate which type of injury?

Pelvic fracture

Femoral neck fracture

Tibia fracture

Fibula fracture

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Pelvic fracture: Pelvic fractures may cause significant pain and instability but do not typically result in a shortened, adducted, and externally rotated leg.

B. Femoral neck fracture: These findings (shortened, adducted, externally rotated leg) are classic for a femoral neck fracture due to muscle contraction and displacement of the bone.

C. Tibia fracture: Tibia fractures typically present with swelling and deformity, not shortening or rotation of the leg.

D. Fibula fracture: A fibula fracture alone rarely causes leg shortening or rotation as it is a non-weight-bearing bone.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Troponin: Troponin is the most specific and reliable biomarker for myocardial injury. Levels rise within 3-6 hours and remain elevated for days, providing diagnostic and prognostic information.

B. Alkaline phosphatase: This is related to liver and bone disorders, not cardiac events.

C. Creatine kinase (CK): While CK-MB is specific to cardiac tissue, it is less specific and remains elevated for a shorter period compared to troponin.

D. Myoglobin: Myoglobin is an early but nonspecific marker of muscle damage and is not as reliable for diagnosing myocardial injury.

A. Client should increase potassium-rich foods in the diet B. Family members of the client should have a cardiac screening C. Client should notify the provider if palpitations develop D. Female clients should use measures to prevent pregnancy E. Client should use caution when taking over-the-counter (OTC) medications F. Client should avoid extremely hot or cold environments G. Client should be encouraged to quit smoking H. Client requires prophylactic antibiotics before dental procedures I. Client should avoid high amounts of caffeine and alcohol

Correct Answer is ["C","E","G","I"]

Explanation

A. Client should increase potassium-rich foods in the diet: Not applicable, as mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is not related to potassium levels.

B. Family members of the client should have a cardiac screening: This is unnecessary unless there is a strong family history of connective tissue disorders associated with MVP.

C. Client should notify the provider if palpitations develop: Palpitations can indicate arrhythmias, which are a possible complication of MVP.

D. Female clients should use measures to prevent pregnancy: Pregnancy is generally not contraindicated in MVP unless there is significant valve regurgitation.

E. Client should use caution when taking OTC medications: Stimulants in OTC drugs, like decongestants, can exacerbate palpitations.

F. Client should avoid extremely hot or cold environments: This is not typically required for MVP.

G. Client should be encouraged to quit smoking: Smoking can exacerbate cardiovascular risks associated with MVP.

H. Client requires prophylactic antibiotics before dental procedures: Not recommended unless there is a history of endocarditis or significant valve regurgitation.

I. Client should avoid high amounts of caffeine and alcohol: Both can exacerbate symptoms like palpitations and arrhythmias.

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The nurse is assessing a client and find their right leg is shortened, adducted and externally rotated. These assessment findings would indicate which type of injury?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["C","E","G","I"]

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