The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with Addison's disease for signs of hyperkalemia. What should the nurse observe with this electrolyte imbalance?

Prolonged bleeding

Dry mucous membrane

Peaked T-waves

Polyuria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Prolonged bleeding is not a direct indicator of hyperkalemia. It is more commonly associated with coagulation disorders or conditions affecting blood clotting.

Choice B reason: Dry mucous membranes are more indicative of dehydration rather than hyperkalemia. Dehydration can result from a variety of conditions but is not specific to high potassium levels.

Choice C reason: Peaked T-waves on an electrocardiogram (ECG) are a classic sign of hyperkalemia. Elevated potassium levels affect the cardiac conduction system, leading to characteristic changes in the ECG, such as tall, peaked T-waves, widened QRS complexes, and flattened P-waves.

Choice D reason: Polyuria (excessive urination) is not typically associated with hyperkalemia. It is more commonly seen in conditions like diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Using non-technical language helps ensure that the client can understand the information being communicated, especially when they have difficulty remembering details due to elevated BUN levels affecting cognitive function.

Choice B reason: Giving simple instructions makes it easier for the client to follow and retain the information, reducing the likelihood of confusion or errors in their care routine.

Choice C reason: Including the family in discussions related to care helps ensure that the client has support and that the family members understand the necessary steps for the client's treatment and recovery. This approach also helps reinforce the information for the client.

Choice D reason: Lengthy teaching methods may overwhelm the client, especially when they are experiencing difficulty remembering information. It is more effective to provide concise and clear instructions.

A. Cigarettes or tobacco smoke B. Air pollution C. Any physical activity D. Certain cough products

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Cigarette or tobacco smoke is a major trigger for asthma attacks. Inhaling smoke irritates the airways, leading to inflammation and bronchoconstriction, making it harder for asthmatic individuals to breathe.

Choice B reason: Air pollution, including smog, industrial emissions, and vehicle exhaust, can exacerbate asthma symptoms. Pollutants in the air can trigger airway inflammation and constriction, leading to asthma attacks.

Choice C reason: Physical activity is not a common trigger for moderate persistent asthma if managed properly. Regular exercise is generally encouraged for overall health and can help improve lung function. However, clients should use their prescribed inhaler and follow their asthma action plan to manage exercise-induced asthma symptoms.

Choice D reason: Certain cough products, especially those containing ingredients like menthol or chemicals, can irritate the airways and trigger asthma symptoms. It's important for clients with asthma to avoid using over-the-counter cough products without consulting their healthcare provider.

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The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with Addison's disease for signs of hyperkalemia. What should the nurse observe with this electrolyte imbalance?

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