The nurse is assessing a client who has a respiratory problem. Which clinical manifestation is most reflective of early hypoxia?
Confusion
Apnea
Cyanosis
Dysrhythmias
The Correct Answer is A
A. Confusion can be an early sign of hypoxia, especially when oxygen delivery to the brain is compromised. Inadequate oxygenation can affect cognitive function and mental status, leading to confusion. This occurs because the brain is highly sensitive to changes in oxygen levels.
B. Apnea refers to the absence of breathing. While severe hypoxia can lead to respiratory arrest and apnea, it is not typically an early manifestation of hypoxia. Early hypoxia is characterized by attempts to increase ventilation to compensate for decreased oxygen levels, rather than complete cessation of breathing.
C. Cyanosis occurs when there is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood. Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxia and usually indicates significant oxygen deprivation. It is not typically seen in early hypoxia stages.
DDysrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms) can occur as a result of hypoxia, especially if the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen. However, dysrhythmias are generally considered a later manifestation of hypoxia, as the heart attempts to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Activating a code blue or the facility's emergency response system will bring immediate assistance and resources to the client's bedside. This is crucial to initiate prompt resuscitative measures if indicated and to involve additional healthcare providers in the management of the emergency.
A. While it might be appropriate in some situations to provide privacy or support to the partner, in this urgent scenario where the client is unresponsive and not breathing, the priority should be immediate assessment and intervention for the client's condition.
C. While notifying the physician is important, especially to inform them of the client's condition and potentially discuss the DNR status, it is not the most immediate action in this urgent situation where the client is unresponsive and not breathing. Direct intervention and assessment are needed first.
D. Asking the partner to make a DNR decision immediately is not appropriate as the first action in this scenario. It is crucial to focus first on the client's immediate needs for assessment and potentially resuscitative measures if indicated. The discussion about the DNR order should occur in a timely manner but is secondary to addressing the client's current medical emergency.
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
A. Overweight or obesity is a modifiable risk factor. It can be addressed through lifestyle changes such as diet modification, increased physical activity, and behavioral interventions aimed at weight loss.
D. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor. It is within an individual's control to quit smoking, which can significantly reduce the risk of various health problems, including cancer.
B. A history of prostate cancer is not a modifiable risk factor. Once a person has had prostate cancer, it cannot be changed through lifestyle modifications or interventions.
C. Being male is a non-modifiable risk factor for prostate cancer. Gender is determined biologically and cannot be changed.
E. Age is a non-modifiable risk factor. As individuals age, they are naturally at higher risk for certain health conditions, including prostate cancer. Age cannot be changed through interventions.
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