The nurse is assessing a client who has a respiratory problem. Which clinical manifestation is most reflective of early hypoxia?

Confusion

Apnea

Cyanosis

Dysrhythmias

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Confusion can be an early sign of hypoxia, especially when oxygen delivery to the brain is compromised. Inadequate oxygenation can affect cognitive function and mental status, leading to confusion. This occurs because the brain is highly sensitive to changes in oxygen levels.

B. Apnea refers to the absence of breathing. While severe hypoxia can lead to respiratory arrest and apnea, it is not typically an early manifestation of hypoxia. Early hypoxia is characterized by attempts to increase ventilation to compensate for decreased oxygen levels, rather than complete cessation of breathing.

C. Cyanosis occurs when there is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood. Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxia and usually indicates significant oxygen deprivation. It is not typically seen in early hypoxia stages.

DDysrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms) can occur as a result of hypoxia, especially if the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen. However, dysrhythmias are generally considered a later manifestation of hypoxia, as the heart attempts to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery.

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Correct Answer is ["1700"]

Explanation

To calculate the time when a new IV bag will be needed, we can divide the total volume left in the bag by the infusion rate.

With 500 ml remaining and an infusion rate of 100 ml per hour, it will take 5 hours for the current bag to be depleted.

Since the report was given at 1200 (which is noon in military time), adding 5 hours brings us to 1700, or 5:00 PM.

Therefore, the nurse should expect to hang a new IV bag at 1700 hours in military time.

A. strain all of the client's urine. B. inflate a blood pressure cuff 20 mmHg above systolic measurement. C. lightly percuss the client's cheek. D. obtain a baseline height and weight.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Chvostek's sign is assessed by tapping or lightly percussing the facial nerve (facial muscles) at the angle of the jaw, just in front of the earlobe. A positive Chvostek's sign is indicated by facial twitching, especially around the mouth, nose, and eye, in response to this percussion. It indicates neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels.

A. Straining urine is typically done to collect urine for analysis or to detect urinary stones. It does not relate to the assessment of neuromuscular irritability, which is what Chvostek's sign evaluates.

B. This option does not pertain to assessing Chvostek's sign either. Inflating a blood pressure cuff above systolic measurement is a technique used to assess for Trousseau's sign, which is another clinical indicator of hypocalcemia but involves different physiological mechanisms than Chvostek's sign.

D. This option is unrelated to assessing Chvostek's sign or hypocalcemia. Baseline height and weight are typically obtained for nutritional assessment, growth monitoring, or as part of a general health assessment. They do not help in evaluating neuromuscular irritability associated with calcium levels.

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The nurse is assessing a client who has a respiratory problem. Which clinical manifestation is most reflective of early hypoxia?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is receiving IV fluids at 100 ml per hour. The nurse is told in report at 1200 that there are 500 ml left in the bag. At what time should the nurse expect to hang a new bag? Report the time in military time.

Correct Answer is ["1700"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with a total calcium level of 7.0 mg/dL. To assess for Chvostek's sign, the nurse would:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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