The nurse is assessing a client with a new diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which manifestations would the nurse expect to see that are common early signs of multiple sclerosis?

Bradykinesia, hand tremors, and memory loss

Ascending paralysis beginning in the lower extremities and dysphagia

Areas of numbness, weakness in the legs, visual problems

Choreiform movements and loss of facial expression

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Bradykinesia, hand tremors, and memory loss are more characteristic of Parkinson's disease, not multiple sclerosis.
B. Ascending paralysis beginning in the lower extremities and dysphagia are typical of Guillain-Barré syndrome, not multiple sclerosis. MS does not usually present with paralysis but rather with muscle weakness and sensory disturbances.
C. Early signs of multiple sclerosis often include areas of numbness, weakness in the legs, and visual problems such as optic neuritis. These symptoms result from demyelination and nerve damage in the central nervous system.
D. Choreiform movements and loss of facial expression are associated with Huntington's disease, not multiple sclerosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The statement about keeping the temperature cold to avoid becoming overheated requires further teaching. While avoiding excessive heat is important, maintaining an overly cold environment can also trigger symptoms, such as Raynaud's phenomenon, which is common in SLE patients. Proper temperature regulation, rather than extremes, is essential.
B. Following the prescribed medication regimen and informing the healthcare provider of any side effects is crucial for managing SLE and preventing flare-ups. This demonstrates the client's understanding of the importance of medication adherence.
C. Managing stress through relaxation techniques and therapy is appropriate, as stress is known to exacerbate SLE. This statement reflects an understanding of the need to reduce stress to manage the disease effectively.
D. Wearing protective clothing when going outside is essential to prevent sun exposure, which can trigger SLE flare-ups. This indicates that the client understands the need for sun protection.

A. Increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) B. Decreased venous return C. Decreased heart rate D. Increased cardiac output

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Distributive shock is associated with decreased MAP, not increased.
B. Decreased venous return occurs in distributive shock due to the pooling of blood in the periphery, leading to reduced preload and decreased cardiac output.
C. Distributive shock typically results in increased heart rate as the body attempts to compensate for decreased blood pressure and venous return.
D. Cardiac output is generally decreased in distributive shock due to reduced venous return and impaired blood flow.

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The nurse is assessing a client with a new diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which manifestations would the nurse expect to see that are common early signs of multiple sclerosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a female client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) about exacerbating factors for their disease. Which statement about exacerbating factors by the client requires further teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing pooling of blood in the periphery. Which of the following occurs in a client with distributive shock?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing the depth and extent of injury on a client who has severe burns to the face, neck, and upper extremities. Which of the following factors is the nurse's priority when assessing the severity of the client's burns?

A nurse is caring for a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following laboratory values would be most concerning to the nurse?

A client with Meniere disease is instructed to modify his diet. The nurse would explain that which item would be acceptable for the client to include?

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus type 2 and presents for a follow-up visit. Which of the following lab values is most indicative of inadequate control of their diabetes since their last primary care visit and requires further teaching?

A nurse is providing discharge planning for a client who has just been diagnosed as being in the early stage of rheumatoid arthritis and starting methotrexate. What should the nurse include in the client's teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a right-hemispheric stroke and has extreme muscle weakness on the affected side. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this client?

A nurse in a clinic is caring for a female client who was exposed to gonorrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for shock. Which of the following findings is the earliest indicator that this complication is developing?