The nurse is assessing a client with a new diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which manifestations would the nurse expect to see that are common early signs of multiple sclerosis?
Bradykinesia, hand tremors, and memory loss
Ascending paralysis beginning in the lower extremities and dysphagia
Areas of numbness, weakness in the legs, visual problems
Choreiform movements and loss of facial expression
The Correct Answer is C
A. Bradykinesia, hand tremors, and memory loss are more characteristic of Parkinson's disease, not multiple sclerosis.
B. Ascending paralysis beginning in the lower extremities and dysphagia are typical of Guillain-Barré syndrome, not multiple sclerosis. MS does not usually present with paralysis but rather with muscle weakness and sensory disturbances.
C. Early signs of multiple sclerosis often include areas of numbness, weakness in the legs, and visual problems such as optic neuritis. These symptoms result from demyelination and nerve damage in the central nervous system.
D. Choreiform movements and loss of facial expression are associated with Huntington's disease, not multiple sclerosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Current anticoagulant use is crucial to assess before administering t-PA because combining t-PA with anticoagulants can significantly increase the risk of bleeding complications. It is essential to ensure that the client is not on medications that could interact adversely with t-PA.
B. While blood pressure is important to monitor, it is secondary to assessing anticoagulant use since high blood pressure alone does not contraindicate t-PA administration.
C. A complete neurologic assessment is important for determining the extent of the stroke but is not the immediate priority before administering t-PA.
D. While treatment for peptic ulcer disease is relevant, it is not directly related to the immediate risk factors for t-PA administration compared to anticoagulant use.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Neurogenic shock is characterized by the loss of sympathetic tone, leading to parasympathetic predominance. Therefore, signs of sympathetic stimulation, such as tachycardia or sweating, are not present.
B. Neurogenic shock typically causes hypotension, not hypertension, due to vasodilation and decreased systemic vascular resistance.
C. Cool, moist skin is more commonly seen in hypovolemic or septic shock due to peripheral vasoconstriction. In neurogenic shock, vasodilation leads to warm, dry skin.
D. Bradycardia is a hallmark of neurogenic shock due to unopposed parasympathetic stimulation resulting from the loss of sympathetic nervous system control.
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