The nurse is assessing a nervous 18-year-old patient who has vital signs of P 120, R 30, and BP 160/90. The patient states that he feels something bad is about to happen. Based on this data alone, how should the nurse identify the patient's level of anxiety?

A. Herpes zoster virus usually is permanently disabling to healthy adults. Herpes zoster (shingles) can cause significant pain and discomfort, but it is not typically permanently disabling to healthy adults.
B. The pain experienced by most patients is typically described as "dull and aching." The pain associated with herpes zoster is usually described as sharp, burning, or stabbing rather than dull and aching.
C. There is usually a rash that occurs in the thoracic region. The rash associated with herpes zoster often appears in a dermatomal distribution, commonly in the thoracic region, following a nerve pathway on one side of the body.
D. Analgesics are often prescribed for pain; however, steroids are usually avoided because of the immune system suppression. While analgesics are commonly prescribed for pain management in herpes zoster, steroids may be used in certain cases to reduce inflammation, particularly if there is nerve involvement. The use of steroids should be carefully considered based on the patient’s overall health and immune status.

A. Overflow incontinence. Overflow incontinence occurs when the bladder does not empty properly, leading to frequent or constant dribbling. It is not typically triggered by physical activities like sneezing.
B. Functional incontinence. Functional incontinence is due to physical or cognitive impairments that prevent a person from reaching the bathroom in time, rather than a physiological issue with the bladder or urethra.
C. Urge incontinence. Urge incontinence involves a sudden, intense urge to urinate followed by involuntary loss of urine. It is not typically triggered by physical activities like sneezing.
D. Stress incontinence. Stress incontinence occurs when there is involuntary leakage of urine during physical activities that increase abdominal pressure, such as sneezing, coughing, or exercising.