The nurse is planning care for a female client with a lower urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following interventions should be the priority for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?

Teaching the client preventive measures.

Preventing progression to complications.

Educating the client about the treatment.

Providing pain management.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Teaching preventive measures is important for reducing recurrence of urinary tract infections (UTIs). These measures may include proper hydration, perineal hygiene, and urinating after intercourse. However, addressing preventive strategies is a long-term consideration and not the immediate priority for managing the active infection or preventing acute complications.

Choice B rationale

Preventing progression to complications is the priority in lower UTIs to avoid upper urinary tract involvement, such as pyelonephritis. This involves timely antibiotic administration and monitoring for signs like fever, flank pain, or worsening urinary symptoms. Pyelonephritis can lead to systemic complications like sepsis, making prevention critical to client safety.

Choice C rationale

Educating about treatment, such as the prescribed antibiotics and their potential side effects, ensures adherence and understanding. While valuable, it does not take precedence over immediate measures to halt disease progression or complications. Education supports long-term management but follows urgent clinical priorities.

Choice D rationale

Pain management is essential for comfort, addressing dysuria or pelvic pain associated with UTIs. Methods include analgesics like phenazopyridine. However, it is a supportive measure rather than a critical intervention for preventing complications, making it secondary to stopping the progression of the infection.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Exposure to cold climates does not directly prevent or mitigate symptoms of thalassemia. Thalassemia involves abnormalities in hemoglobin production, leading to anemia. Climate factors do not influence this pathophysiology. The emphasis for management lies in optimizing red blood cell health and addressing anemia-related complications.

Choice B rationale

Increasing oral fluid intake does not have a specific effect on the prevention of thalassemia symptoms. While adequate hydration is essential for overall health, it does not target the underlying genetic causes of hemoglobinopathies, such as mutations in alpha or beta-globin chains.

Choice C rationale

Iron and vitamin B12-rich diets may worsen complications in thalassemia. Individuals with thalassemia, especially those receiving frequent blood transfusions, are at risk of iron overload. B12 supplementation is beneficial only when deficiency exists, but routine intake does not manage thalassemia symptoms.

Choice D rationale

Many medications and substances, such as oxidative drugs, can exacerbate hemolysis or interact with blood transfusion protocols in thalassemia patients. Reviewing these lists helps prevent complications, thereby reducing symptom severity and improving management outcomes.

A. "I am going to notify the healthcare provider because you should not have trouble breathing with left-sided heart failure.”. B. "The right side of your heart fails first and causes a back-up of blood in the left side of the heart and then the lungs.”. C. "When the left side of your heart does not pump enough blood out, it gets backed up in your lungs and causes shortness of breath.”. D. "Typically, clients with left-sided heart failure have difficulty breathing with exertion, but not when resting.”.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Trouble breathing is a hallmark symptom of left-sided heart failure. Suggesting that it should not occur would be inaccurate. The failure of the left ventricle leads to blood accumulation in the pulmonary vessels, creating pulmonary congestion and shortness of breath. Prompt provider notification may be necessary but does not address the underlying pathophysiology. Pulmonary symptoms are expected in this type of heart failure.

Choice B rationale

While left-sided heart failure can eventually lead to right-sided heart failure, the initial problem is with left ventricular dysfunction. This causes reduced forward blood flow and pulmonary congestion due to backflow of blood into the lungs. Right-sided heart failure is not the primary event leading to pulmonary symptoms in left-sided heart failure.

Choice C rationale

The left ventricle's inability to pump effectively results in blood backing up into the pulmonary circulation, causing pulmonary congestion and symptoms like shortness of breath. This is consistent with the hemodynamics of left-sided heart failure. Pulmonary capillary pressure increases, leading to fluid leakage and impaired gas exchange, explaining the client's breathing difficulty.

Choice D rationale

Although difficulty breathing with exertion (dyspnea on exertion) is common, resting symptoms, including orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, can also occur in left-sided heart failure due to fluid redistribution. Limiting symptoms to exertion inaccurately portrays the clinical presentation and disregards other significant pulmonary signs.

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The nurse is planning care for a female client with a lower urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following interventions should be the priority for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a client about preventing symptoms of thalassemia.Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who was diagnosed with left-sided heart failure and states, "I do not understand why I have so much trouble breathing if I have heart failure.”. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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