The nurse is assessing an older adult patient during a regular office visit. The patient reports several symptoms. Which of the following symptoms are not related to the aging process and require further investigation?

Decrease in muscle mass and strength

Lower back and neck pain

Wrinkling and sagging skin

Joint stiffness in fingers

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Decrease in muscle mass and strength: A decrease in muscle mass and strength is common with aging, known as sarcopenia. While it should be monitored, it is not necessarily an abnormal finding requiring further investigation unless it is severe or sudden.

B. Lower back and neck pain: Lower back and neck pain can be common with aging due to degenerative changes in the spine or other musculoskeletal issues. However, persistent or severe pain should be evaluated to rule out other causes.

C. Wrinkling and sagging skin: Wrinkling and sagging skin are normal aging changes related to decreased collagen and elastin in the skin. These changes are generally expected with aging.

D. Joint stiffness in fingers: Joint stiffness can be related to aging but may also indicate conditions like arthritis. If the stiffness is significant, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms, it requires further investigation.

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Correct Answer is A, C, B, D

Explanation

Step 1: A. Inject the amount of air into the modified (cloudy) vial that is equal to the prescribed dose of modified (cloudy) insulin. This step is correct and should be done first. Injecting air into the vial of cloudy insulin (modified) helps to prevent creating a vacuum and makes it easier to withdraw the insulin.

Step 3: B. Invert the vial of non-modified (clear) insulin, then insert the needle into the vial and draw back the prescribed dose. This step should be done after air has been injected into the modified insulin vial. The clear insulin (non-modified) should be drawn first to avoid contamination of the clear insulin with the cloudy insulin.

Step 2: C. Inject the amount of air into the nonmodified (clear) vial that is equal to the prescribed dose of nonmodified (clear) insulin. This step should be done before drawing the insulin from the clear vial. Injecting air into the clear insulin vial helps to equalize the pressure and makes it easier to withdraw the insulin.

Step 4: D. Invert the vial of modified (cloudy) insulin, then insert the needle into the vial and draw back the prescribed dose. This step should be done after drawing the clear insulin. Drawing the cloudy insulin last helps to prevent any contamination of the clear insulin with the cloudy insulin.

A. Displacement B. Rationalization C. Dissociation D. Projection

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Displacement: Displacement involves transferring feelings to a less threatening object or person, which is not applicable to the client’s statement.

B. Rationalization: Rationalization involves justifying behaviors or feelings with logical reasons. The client’s statement reflects an unrealistic view rather than justifying actions.

C. Dissociation: Dissociation involves a disconnection from thoughts or feelings, which is not reflected in the client's statement.

D. Projection: Projection involves attributing one’s own feelings or thoughts to others. The client is expressing their own feelings about the wheelchair rather than attributing them to others.

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The nurse is assessing an older adult patient during a regular office visit. The patient reports several symptoms. Which of the following symptoms are not related to the aging process and require further investigation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is preparing to administer prescribed modified (cloudy) and nonmodified (clear) insulin to a client with type 1 diabetes. Place the following steps in the correct order, that the nurse should take to prepare the medication. All options must be used.

Correct Answer is A, C, B, D

Explanation

The nurse is assisting a client, from the bed into a wheelchair, who had a right-side below the knee amputation one day ago. The client states, "I will not be able to do much because of this wheelchair." The client is demonstrating which of the following defense mechanisms?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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