The nurse is assessing the fingernails of a client at the clinic. The nurse observes pitting on the surface of the nail.

What disorder is this finding indicative of?

Vitiligo.

Psoriasis.

Melanoma.

Diabetes.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Vitiligo is a condition characterized by depigmentation of the skin, leading to white patches. It does not typically affect the fingernails, so pitting on the surface of the nails is not indicative of vitiligo.

Choice B rationale

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that often affects the nails, leading to pitting or the appearance of small depressions on the nail surface. Nail psoriasis can also cause discoloration, thickening, and separation of the nail from the nail bed.

Choice C rationale

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can affect the nails, causing dark streaks or pigmentation changes. However, pitting on the surface of the nails is not a characteristic feature of melanoma.

Choice D rationale

Diabetes can lead to various nail changes, including thickening and yellowing of the nails, but it does not typically cause pitting on the nail surface. Pitting is more specific to psoriasis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Ativan (lorazepam) is used for immediate control of seizures but is not used for long-term maintenance.

Choice B rationale

Cerebyx (fosphenytoin) is used for seizure control but is generally not used for long-term maintenance.

Choice C rationale

Phenobarbital is a barbiturate that is commonly used for long-term maintenance to prevent seizures. It works by depressing the central nervous system and reducing the spread of seizure activity.

Choice D rationale

Valium (diazepam) is used for acute seizure control but not for long-term seizure prevention.

A. Administer a bolus of normal saline as prescribed. B. Administer bronchodilators as prescribed and monitor the client's LOC. C. Increase the client's bed height and reassess in 30 minutes. D. Inform the care team and assess for further signs of possible increased ICP.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Administering a bolus of normal saline addresses fluid volume but does not directly address the respiratory effort increase or potential increased ICP, which is the most concerning aspect of the head injury.

Choice B rationale

Administering bronchodilators and monitoring LOC may help with respiratory issues but does not address the underlying problem of increased ICP, which could be causing the increased respiratory effort.

Choice C rationale

Increasing the client's bed height and reassessing in 30 minutes might temporarily help, but it is not the most immediate and appropriate intervention. The client’s symptoms suggest a more urgent issue.

Choice D rationale

Informing the care team and assessing for further signs of increased ICP is crucial. Increased respiratory effort in a client with head injury can indicate rising intracranial pressure, which requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications.

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The nurse is assessing the fingernails of a client at the clinic. The nurse observes pitting on the surface of the nail. What disorder is this finding indicative of?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following drugs may be used after a seizure to maintain a seizure-free state?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who sustained a moderate head injury following a bicycle accident. The nurse's most recent assessment reveals that the client's respiratory effort has increased. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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The nurse is assessing the fingernails of a client at the clinic. The nurse observes pitting on the surface of the nail.

What disorder is this finding indicative of?